車用動力電池熱安全研究取得階段性進展
2019/3/4 10:12:58??????點擊：
動(dong)力電(dian)池熱安(an)全問題(ti)是影響電(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)(qi)車行駛(shi)安(an)全的關鍵。在國家重點研(yan)發計(ji)劃“新能源汽(qi)(qi)車”專(zhuan)項(xiang)(xiang)2016年(nian)度(du)立(li)項(xiang)(xiang)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)“高比能量(liang)動(dong)力鋰離子(zi)電(dian)池開發與產業化(hua)技術(shu)攻關”的實施中，研(yan)發團隊針對高比能量(liang)鋰離子(zi)動(dong)力電(dian)池熱安(an)全機理(li)和安(an)全設(she)計(ji)開展了深入研(yan)究，目(mu)前取得(de)了階(jie)段(duan)性進(jin)展。
項目團隊圍繞鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)池(chi)在充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)中的產(chan)熱(re)(re)(re)過(guo)程(cheng)、各(ge)成(cheng)分的熱(re)(re)(re)穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)性，以(yi)1Ah鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)池(chi)單(dan)體為(wei)研究對象，通(tong)過(guo)實(shi)驗獲得表觀導(dao)(dao)熱(re)(re)(re)系(xi)數、各(ge)向異性導(dao)(dao)熱(re)(re)(re)系(xi)數、恒壓比熱(re)(re)(re)容(rong)、溫度(du)系(xi)數及(ji)(ji)室溫內阻，從(cong)而計算出生熱(re)(re)(re)速率。定(ding)(ding)(ding)性分析了(le)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)在100%電(dian)(dian)量(liang)和(he)0%電(dian)(dian)量(liang)兩個(ge)狀態下(xia)正負極材料的熱(re)(re)(re)穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)性以(yi)及(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)解液(ye)對其(qi)熱(re)(re)(re)穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)性的影響。在電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的熱(re)(re)(re)失控部分采用加(jia)速量(liang)熱(re)(re)(re)方(fang)法對100%電(dian)(dian)量(liang)的軟(ruan)包鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)池(chi)進(jin)行熱(re)(re)(re)失控實(shi)驗，確定(ding)(ding)(ding)了(le)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的熱(re)(re)(re)失控起始溫度(du)、最高溫度(du)以(yi)及(ji)(ji)自升溫速率。相關研究成(cheng)果(guo)和(he)試驗結果(guo)為(wei)動力電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的熱(re)(re)(re)安全結構設計提供了(le)理論和(he)數據(ju)基礎。
該項(xiang)目團隊圍(wei)繞熱固性(xing)(xing)聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)和正(zheng)溫度(du)系(xi)數(shu)熱敏材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)（PTC材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)）在電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單(dan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)中(zhong)的(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝與技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，結(jie)合(he)理化(hua)(hua)分析測(ce)試(shi)(shi)、電(dian)(dian)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)、電(dian)(dian)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)和電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)安全性(xing)(xing)能(neng)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)等手段，研究(jiu)了(le)熱固性(xing)(xing)聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)在電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)的(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝，達到(dao)了(le)優化(hua)(hua)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝流(liu)程的(de)目的(de)；研究(jiu)了(le)正(zheng)溫度(du)系(xi)數(shu)熱敏材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)（PTC材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)）的(de)修飾(shi)(shi)液濃度(du)、修飾(shi)(shi)方(fang)式和涂層厚度(du)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)和安全性(xing)(xing)能(neng)的(de)影(ying)響，進而優化(hua)(hua)PTC材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝和技(ji)(ji)術(shu)。目前，項(xiang)目研究(jiu)成果(guo)為(wei)(wei)熱固性(xing)(xing)聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)和PTC材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)在電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單(dan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)中(zhong)的(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)提供了(le)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝和技(ji)(ji)術(shu)指導，解(jie)決了(le)熱固性(xing)(xing)聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)和PTC材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)在電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單(dan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)中(zhong)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)的(de)基(ji)礎技(ji)(ji)術(shu)和關(guan)鍵技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，為(wei)(wei)解(jie)決電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單(dan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)熱失控問題奠定了(le)良好的(de)基(ji)礎。
項目團隊圍繞鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)池(chi)在充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)中的產(chan)熱(re)(re)(re)過(guo)程(cheng)、各(ge)成(cheng)分的熱(re)(re)(re)穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)性，以(yi)1Ah鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)池(chi)單(dan)體為(wei)研究對象，通(tong)過(guo)實(shi)驗獲得表觀導(dao)(dao)熱(re)(re)(re)系(xi)數、各(ge)向異性導(dao)(dao)熱(re)(re)(re)系(xi)數、恒壓比熱(re)(re)(re)容(rong)、溫度(du)系(xi)數及(ji)(ji)室溫內阻，從(cong)而計算出生熱(re)(re)(re)速率。定(ding)(ding)(ding)性分析了(le)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)在100%電(dian)(dian)量(liang)和(he)0%電(dian)(dian)量(liang)兩個(ge)狀態下(xia)正負極材料的熱(re)(re)(re)穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)性以(yi)及(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)解液(ye)對其(qi)熱(re)(re)(re)穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)性的影響。在電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的熱(re)(re)(re)失控部分采用加(jia)速量(liang)熱(re)(re)(re)方(fang)法對100%電(dian)(dian)量(liang)的軟(ruan)包鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)池(chi)進(jin)行熱(re)(re)(re)失控實(shi)驗，確定(ding)(ding)(ding)了(le)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的熱(re)(re)(re)失控起始溫度(du)、最高溫度(du)以(yi)及(ji)(ji)自升溫速率。相關研究成(cheng)果(guo)和(he)試驗結果(guo)為(wei)動力電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的熱(re)(re)(re)安全結構設計提供了(le)理論和(he)數據(ju)基礎。
該項(xiang)目團隊圍(wei)繞熱固性(xing)(xing)聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)和正(zheng)溫度(du)系(xi)數(shu)熱敏材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)（PTC材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)）在電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單(dan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)中(zhong)的(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝與技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，結(jie)合(he)理化(hua)(hua)分析測(ce)試(shi)(shi)、電(dian)(dian)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)、電(dian)(dian)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)和電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)安全性(xing)(xing)能(neng)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)等手段，研究(jiu)了(le)熱固性(xing)(xing)聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)在電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)的(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝，達到(dao)了(le)優化(hua)(hua)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝流(liu)程的(de)目的(de)；研究(jiu)了(le)正(zheng)溫度(du)系(xi)數(shu)熱敏材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)（PTC材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)）的(de)修飾(shi)(shi)液濃度(du)、修飾(shi)(shi)方(fang)式和涂層厚度(du)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)和安全性(xing)(xing)能(neng)的(de)影(ying)響，進而優化(hua)(hua)PTC材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝和技(ji)(ji)術(shu)。目前，項(xiang)目研究(jiu)成果(guo)為(wei)(wei)熱固性(xing)(xing)聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)和PTC材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)在電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單(dan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)中(zhong)的(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)提供了(le)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝和技(ji)(ji)術(shu)指導，解(jie)決了(le)熱固性(xing)(xing)聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)和PTC材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)在電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單(dan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)中(zhong)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)的(de)基(ji)礎技(ji)(ji)術(shu)和關(guan)鍵技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，為(wei)(wei)解(jie)決電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單(dan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)熱失控問題奠定了(le)良好的(de)基(ji)礎。
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