充電機的現狀
    目前，礦用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機車蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，無論是(shi)(shi)(shi)恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、恒壓充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或是(shi)(shi)(shi)先(xian)恒流(liu)再恒壓的(de)(de)分(fen)段式充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，都有一個共同的(de)(de)問題，就是(shi)(shi)(shi)這種小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)慢充(chong)(chong)方式，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池初充(chong)(chong)需70小時以上(shang)，進行普通充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)也需10小時以上(shang)，這種充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式在(zai)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程的(de)(de)初期，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)遠小于蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池可接受(shou)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，因而拉長了充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間，造成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)(de)浪(lang)費。而在(zai)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程的(de)(de)后期，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)又大(da)于蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池可接受(shou)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池內部溫度(du)升高，產生(sheng)大(da)量析氣(qi)，并形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)內部硫化結晶，大(da)大(da)縮短了蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)循環使用壽命，甚(shen)至有可能(neng)永久性地(di)損壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。這不僅(jin)造成(cheng)(cheng)了浪(lang)費，也增加了對(dui)環境的(de)(de)污染。同時，這種傳統(tong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機采用變壓器(qi)變壓整流(liu)，可控硅控制的(de)(de)途徑，技術落后，設備笨重(zhong)，可靠性也差。
    美(mei)國(guo)科(ke)學(xue)家馬斯通過對(dui)鉛(qian)(qian)酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)量(liang)試(shi)驗(yan)研(yan)究，提出了一條鉛(qian)(qian)酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)可(ke)接受的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)曲線(xian)。在充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程的(de)(de)(de)初(chu)期，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)可(ke)接受的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)很大(da)。隨(sui)著充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程的(de)(de)(de)延續，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)逐漸(jian)按指(zhi)數規律減小。讓充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)按這樣一條理想(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)曲線(xian)變化(hua)(hua)，就(jiu)可(ke)以最(zui)大(da)限度的(de)(de)(de)提高(gao)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率。同時(shi)，試(shi)驗(yan)表明，采用(yong)脈沖(chong)(chong)式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)是消(xiao)除各種(zhong)極(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)現象，提高(gao)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速度，延長蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)循環使用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)有效(xiao)途徑(jing)。這種(zhong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)是在對(dui)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)過程中適時(shi)暫停充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，并適當加入放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)脈沖(chong)(chong)。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)停止時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)歐姆極(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)消(xiao)失(shi)(shi)，濃差極(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)極(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)減弱。若(ruo)能在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中讓其(qi)反向放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，則極(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)現象迅(xun)速消(xiao)失(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內部溫(wen)度也會因(yin)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)而得到有效(xiao)控制。脈沖(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)極(ji)(ji)(ji)板有加強其(qi)韌性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)果，可(ke)以大(da)大(da)提高(gao)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)循環使用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)。同時(shi)，由于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)極(ji)(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)現象的(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)失(shi)(shi)，脈沖(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)又可(ke)以深層次地激活(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內部的(de)(de)(de)活(huo)性(xing)物質(zhi)，從而大(da)幅度提高(gao)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)有效(xiao)容量(liang)。
    當前，帶有自適應控制技術的脈沖式充電機已成為礦用電機車充電機的主要發展方向。因此，開發新一代的智能快速充電機不僅可以提高充電效率，降低使用單位的運營成本，同時也具有節能、環保等諸方面的社會意義。上海施能電器設備(bei)有限公司始建(jian)于1984年，上海市高新技術企業，中國工業車輛優秀配套供應商，上海電器行業名優產品，主要生產工頻系列充電機，高頻系列充電機，鋰電池充電機，系列放電機，系列充放電機等電器產品。