電動汽車用鉛酸蓄電池，電動車專用蓄電池
2019/3/8 14:31:38??????點擊：
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽車(che)已經走向(xiang)人們的生活，但(dan)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)問題(ti)一直都存在(zai)。目前市面上的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽車(che)主要分為兩種類型，一種是(shi)鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)車(che)型，另一種則是(shi)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)車(che)型。小編經常會在(zai)網上看(kan)到一些網友問到底是(shi)購買(mai)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽車(che)還(huan)是(shi)鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)；二(er)者有何區(qu)別；哪種相對更好些等等問題(ti)。
電動汽車專用蓄電池
造成這一困擾的的主要原因有兩點：
第一是價格，鋰電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)動(dong)車的價格一般都是鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)動(dong)車價格的2~3倍，所以鋰電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)動(dong)車的價格比鉛酸要高不少(shao)價錢；
第二點則是電(dian)池性能問題，網上有人調(diao)侃(kan)道：“鋰電(dian)池電(dian)動車太貴買(mai)不起，鉛酸電(dian)池電(dian)動車太重(zhong)搬不動”。
鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池在各個性能(neng)(neng)方(fang)面比(bi)鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池更優越是毫無疑問(wen)的，目前最常見的就(jiu)是磷酸(suan)鐵鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)池不像鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池有(you)記(ji)憶(yi)效應，在經(jing)過1600多次充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的的存儲能(neng)(neng)力(li)依(yi)然能(neng)(neng)夠達(da)到85%，鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池與鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池相比(bi)，鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池具有(you)重量(liang)輕、比(bi)容(rong)量(liang)大(da)、循環使用壽(shou)命長(chang)等優點，它作為低(di)速電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車車載動力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源，不僅(jin)輕量(liang)便攜方(fang)便充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，而(er)且(qie)有(you)助(zhu)于整車產(chan)品之(zhi)“輕量(liang)化及簡(jian)約化”設(she)計。
鉛(qian)酸(suan)電池的(de)電極(ji)主要(yao)由鉛(qian)及其(qi)氧化(hua)(hua)物制成，電解液是硫酸(suan)溶液。鉛(qian)酸(suan)電池荷電狀態(tai)下，正極(ji)主要(yao)成分(fen)為(wei)(wei)二氧化(hua)(hua)鉛(qian)，負(fu)極(ji)主要(yao)成分(fen)為(wei)(wei)鉛(qian)；放電狀態(tai)下，正負(fu)極(ji)的(de)主要(yao)成分(fen)均為(wei)(wei)硫酸(suan)鉛(qian)。鉛(qian)酸(suan)電池因為(wei)(wei)有(you)記憶(yi)效(xiao)應(ying)，在(zai)重(zhong)疊500多次的(de)時候，該電池的(de)存儲能(neng)力就會大大下降。
兩種電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)除了都是(shi)屬于儲能(neng)裝置，其他都不怎么一(yi)樣。鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)更安全(quan)，更便宜，但是(shi)能(neng)量密(mi)度(du)比鋰(li)(li)電(dian)低，所(suo)以鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的體(ti)積(ji)就大(da)些(xie)。即便這樣，高價格的鋰(li)(li)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)動車(che)仍然不能(neng)完(wan)全(quan)取(qu)代鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)動車(che)。
現(xian)階段而言，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池（儲能(neng)）技術研究(jiu)尚(shang)未(wei)能(neng)獲得突破(po)性(xing)進展(zhan)，即“低(di)成本、高性(xing)能(neng)”電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池尚(shang)未(wei)投入(ru)商(shang)品化實際應(ying)用之(zhi)前，我(wo)們可以(yi)將現(xian)有的(de)鉛(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池和鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)優良特性(xing)聯合起來(lai)轉型升級，作為目(mu)前以(yi)至今后一段時期內之(zhi)主要研究(jiu)課題(ti)。相信這對(dui)將來(lai)低(di)速電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車，甚(shen)至整個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車行(xing)業的(de)發展(zhan)有著(zhu)更明(ming)朗的(de)方向。
就目前(qian)“鋰(li)電車(che)”普及率(lv)而(er)言，遠低于采用“鉛酸(suan)電池”車(che)型產(chan)品(pin)，其原因在(zai)于，目前(qian)鋰(li)電池成本(ben)仍相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)偏高。因而(er)，在(zai)現有“鋰(li)電車(che)”產(chan)品(pin)設計中，多采用減少鋰(li)電池的容(rong)量配置，來相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)降低整車(che)實施成本(ben)。對(dui)于上述相(xiang)(xiang)關問題的探討，希望能夠讓(rang)更多的(de)消費者認清(qing) “鉛酸電動和鋰電池(chi)”兩者的(de)分(fen)析。
電動汽車使用(yong)中(zhong)有可(ke)能出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)這樣(yang)那樣(yang)的問(wen)題，針對日常使用(yong)中(zhong)電瓶會出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)的一些問(wen)題進行答疑解(jie)惑(huo)。
一直以(yi)來電瓶作為“方便電源”一直被人們所廣泛使用特(te)(te)別是(shi)運(yun)用，特(te)(te)別是(shi)在這些新能源電動汽車的運(yun)用上，但是(shi)人們又對(dui)電池的知識(shi)卻了解甚少。安(an)全大(da)于一切，所以(yi)了解相(xiang)關知識(shi)非(fei)常必要。
“過充”導致蓄電池壞損
“過充(chong)”就(jiu)是過量給電動汽(qi)車(che)的蓄電瓶充(chong)電而產生的一種(zhong)對蓄電瓶化學和物理性能起到破壞作(zuo)用的現象。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時是同時給串(chuan)聯而成的(de)(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)組(zu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓較高的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)會(hui)先充(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓較低的(de)(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)會(hui)后充(chong)(chong)滿甚(shen)至(zhi)一直(zhi)在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，由于(yu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器是以總(zong)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為(wei)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或停止充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設定的(de)(de)，因此，先充(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)就會(hui)處在“過充(chong)(chong)”狀態(tai)。“壓差”小(xiao)時對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)影響不大(da)(da)，“壓差”大(da)(da)時，經常“過充(chong)(chong)”的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)池一樣會(hui)產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液熱反(fan)應(ying)加劇，直(zhi)至(zhi)把這(zhe)節(jie)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)充(chong)(chong)壞。
“虧電”導致電瓶壞損
低速電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)(che)所(suo)說(shuo)的(de)“虧電(dian)(dian)(dian)”是電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶電(dian)(dian)(dian)量不(bu)足、電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓偏(pian)低時強行過(guo)量放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)產(chan)生的(de)一種(zhong)破(po)壞蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶極板涂(tu)層的(de)現象。要(yao)知道，任何車(che)(che)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓都有(you)一個(ge)(ge)標準范圍，超過(guo)這個(ge)(ge)范圍電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)容易短(duan)路甚至(zhi)燒毀(hui)，低于這個(ge)(ge)范圍電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)無法啟動或正常工作，甚至(zhi)影響使用壽命，車(che)(che)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)和蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶都是這樣。
大電流放電使電瓶壞損
低速(su)(su)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車在啟(qi)動(dong)、加速(su)(su)的(de)瞬間電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)很大(da)(da)(da)，一般會達到20A—50A，根據低速(su)(su)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)功率的(de)大(da)(da)(da)小，正常(chang)的(de)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)一般控制在10A以內為好(hao)。過(guo)(guo)載就(jiu)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車行駛中負載超重(zhong)，如過(guo)(guo)量的(de)載貨、載人等，過(guo)(guo)載會使蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷(he)加大(da)(da)(da)，長時間的(de)大(da)(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，會直接影響(xiang)極板涂(tu)層，加快極板軟化的(de)過(guo)(guo)程。 還有就(jiu)是路(lu)況不好(hao)也會使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車頻繁的(de)剎車和啟(qi)動(dong)。如坑洼、紅燈、路(lu)障等，都是造(zao)成大(da)(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)因(yin)素。因(yin)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)功率越(yue)大(da)(da)(da)，放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)也就(jiu)越(yue)大(da)(da)(da)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶的(de)損傷(shang)也就(jiu)越(yue)大(da)(da)(da)。
極板硫化導電瓶壞損
在(zai)極板上生成白色堅硬的硫(liu)酸鉛(qian)結晶，充電(dian)時(shi)又非常難于轉化(hua)為(wei)活性物質(zhi)的硫(liu)酸鉛(qian)，這就是(shi)硫(liu)酸鹽化(hua)，簡稱“硫(liu)化(hua)”。這種硫(liu)酸鉛(qian)的導電(dian)性不良、電(dian)阻大，溶解(jie)度和溶解(jie)速度又很小，充電(dian)時(shi)恢復困(kun)難。因而成為(wei)容量降低和壽命縮短(duan)的原因。硫(liu)化(hua)是(shi)蓄電(dian)瓶容量減少的主要癥結。
介紹完鋰電池和鉛酸蓄電池，小編要提醒大家一下：除以上蓄電池壞損的主因外，電池質量差、極板脫落、電解液外漏、失水、外殼破損、電瓶接線端子斷裂等也是蓄電池壞損的原因，還有一些連我們都沒發覺的潛在因素。上海施能電(dian)器(qi)設備有限公(gong)司始建于1984年，上海市高新技術企業，中國工業車輛優秀配套供應商，上海電器行業名優產品，主要生產工頻系列充電機，高頻系列充電機，鋰電池充電機，系列放電機，系列充放電機等電器產品。
電動汽車專用蓄電池
造成這一困擾的的主要原因有兩點：
第一是價格，鋰電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)動(dong)車的價格一般都是鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)動(dong)車價格的2~3倍，所以鋰電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)動(dong)車的價格比鉛酸要高不少(shao)價錢；
第二點則是電(dian)池性能問題，網上有人調(diao)侃(kan)道：“鋰電(dian)池電(dian)動車太貴買(mai)不起，鉛酸電(dian)池電(dian)動車太重(zhong)搬不動”。
鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池在各個性能(neng)(neng)方(fang)面比(bi)鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池更優越是毫無疑問(wen)的，目前最常見的就(jiu)是磷酸(suan)鐵鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)池不像鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池有(you)記(ji)憶(yi)效應，在經(jing)過1600多次充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的的存儲能(neng)(neng)力(li)依(yi)然能(neng)(neng)夠達(da)到85%，鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池與鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池相比(bi)，鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池具有(you)重量(liang)輕、比(bi)容(rong)量(liang)大(da)、循環使用壽(shou)命長(chang)等優點，它作為低(di)速電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車車載動力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源，不僅(jin)輕量(liang)便攜方(fang)便充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，而(er)且(qie)有(you)助(zhu)于整車產(chan)品之(zhi)“輕量(liang)化及簡(jian)約化”設(she)計。
鉛(qian)酸(suan)電池的(de)電極(ji)主要(yao)由鉛(qian)及其(qi)氧化(hua)(hua)物制成，電解液是硫酸(suan)溶液。鉛(qian)酸(suan)電池荷電狀態(tai)下，正極(ji)主要(yao)成分(fen)為(wei)(wei)二氧化(hua)(hua)鉛(qian)，負(fu)極(ji)主要(yao)成分(fen)為(wei)(wei)鉛(qian)；放電狀態(tai)下，正負(fu)極(ji)的(de)主要(yao)成分(fen)均為(wei)(wei)硫酸(suan)鉛(qian)。鉛(qian)酸(suan)電池因為(wei)(wei)有(you)記憶(yi)效(xiao)應(ying)，在(zai)重(zhong)疊500多次的(de)時候，該電池的(de)存儲能(neng)力就會大大下降。
兩種電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)除了都是(shi)屬于儲能(neng)裝置，其他都不怎么一(yi)樣。鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)更安全(quan)，更便宜，但是(shi)能(neng)量密(mi)度(du)比鋰(li)(li)電(dian)低，所(suo)以鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的體(ti)積(ji)就大(da)些(xie)。即便這樣，高價格的鋰(li)(li)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)動車(che)仍然不能(neng)完(wan)全(quan)取(qu)代鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)動車(che)。
現(xian)階段而言，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池（儲能(neng)）技術研究(jiu)尚(shang)未(wei)能(neng)獲得突破(po)性(xing)進展(zhan)，即“低(di)成本、高性(xing)能(neng)”電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池尚(shang)未(wei)投入(ru)商(shang)品化實際應(ying)用之(zhi)前，我(wo)們可以(yi)將現(xian)有的(de)鉛(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池和鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)優良特性(xing)聯合起來(lai)轉型升級，作為目(mu)前以(yi)至今后一段時期內之(zhi)主要研究(jiu)課題(ti)。相信這對(dui)將來(lai)低(di)速電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車，甚(shen)至整個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車行(xing)業的(de)發展(zhan)有著(zhu)更明(ming)朗的(de)方向。
就目前(qian)“鋰(li)電車(che)”普及率(lv)而(er)言，遠低于采用“鉛酸(suan)電池”車(che)型產(chan)品(pin)，其原因在(zai)于，目前(qian)鋰(li)電池成本(ben)仍相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)偏高。因而(er)，在(zai)現有“鋰(li)電車(che)”產(chan)品(pin)設計中，多采用減少鋰(li)電池的容(rong)量配置，來相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)降低整車(che)實施成本(ben)。對(dui)于上述相(xiang)(xiang)關問題的探討，希望能夠讓(rang)更多的(de)消費者認清(qing) “鉛酸電動和鋰電池(chi)”兩者的(de)分(fen)析。
電動汽車使用(yong)中(zhong)有可(ke)能出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)這樣(yang)那樣(yang)的問(wen)題，針對日常使用(yong)中(zhong)電瓶會出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)的一些問(wen)題進行答疑解(jie)惑(huo)。
一直以(yi)來電瓶作為“方便電源”一直被人們所廣泛使用特(te)(te)別是(shi)運(yun)用，特(te)(te)別是(shi)在這些新能源電動汽車的運(yun)用上，但是(shi)人們又對(dui)電池的知識(shi)卻了解甚少。安(an)全大(da)于一切，所以(yi)了解相(xiang)關知識(shi)非(fei)常必要。
“過充”導致蓄電池壞損
“過充(chong)”就(jiu)是過量給電動汽(qi)車(che)的蓄電瓶充(chong)電而產生的一種(zhong)對蓄電瓶化學和物理性能起到破壞作(zuo)用的現象。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時是同時給串(chuan)聯而成的(de)(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)組(zu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓較高的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)會(hui)先充(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓較低的(de)(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)會(hui)后充(chong)(chong)滿甚(shen)至(zhi)一直(zhi)在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，由于(yu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器是以總(zong)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為(wei)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或停止充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設定的(de)(de)，因此，先充(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)就會(hui)處在“過充(chong)(chong)”狀態(tai)。“壓差”小(xiao)時對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)影響不大(da)(da)，“壓差”大(da)(da)時，經常“過充(chong)(chong)”的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)池一樣會(hui)產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液熱反(fan)應(ying)加劇，直(zhi)至(zhi)把這(zhe)節(jie)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)充(chong)(chong)壞。
“虧電”導致電瓶壞損
低速電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)(che)所(suo)說(shuo)的(de)“虧電(dian)(dian)(dian)”是電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶電(dian)(dian)(dian)量不(bu)足、電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓偏(pian)低時強行過(guo)量放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)產(chan)生的(de)一種(zhong)破(po)壞蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶極板涂(tu)層的(de)現象。要(yao)知道，任何車(che)(che)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓都有(you)一個(ge)(ge)標準范圍，超過(guo)這個(ge)(ge)范圍電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)容易短(duan)路甚至(zhi)燒毀(hui)，低于這個(ge)(ge)范圍電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)無法啟動或正常工作，甚至(zhi)影響使用壽命，車(che)(che)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)和蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶都是這樣。
大電流放電使電瓶壞損
低速(su)(su)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車在啟(qi)動(dong)、加速(su)(su)的(de)瞬間電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)很大(da)(da)(da)，一般會達到20A—50A，根據低速(su)(su)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)功率的(de)大(da)(da)(da)小，正常(chang)的(de)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)一般控制在10A以內為好(hao)。過(guo)(guo)載就(jiu)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車行駛中負載超重(zhong)，如過(guo)(guo)量的(de)載貨、載人等，過(guo)(guo)載會使蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷(he)加大(da)(da)(da)，長時間的(de)大(da)(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，會直接影響(xiang)極板涂(tu)層，加快極板軟化的(de)過(guo)(guo)程。 還有就(jiu)是路(lu)況不好(hao)也會使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車頻繁的(de)剎車和啟(qi)動(dong)。如坑洼、紅燈、路(lu)障等，都是造(zao)成大(da)(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)因(yin)素。因(yin)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)功率越(yue)大(da)(da)(da)，放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)也就(jiu)越(yue)大(da)(da)(da)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶的(de)損傷(shang)也就(jiu)越(yue)大(da)(da)(da)。
極板硫化導電瓶壞損
在(zai)極板上生成白色堅硬的硫(liu)酸鉛(qian)結晶，充電(dian)時(shi)又非常難于轉化(hua)為(wei)活性物質(zhi)的硫(liu)酸鉛(qian)，這就是(shi)硫(liu)酸鹽化(hua)，簡稱“硫(liu)化(hua)”。這種硫(liu)酸鉛(qian)的導電(dian)性不良、電(dian)阻大，溶解(jie)度和溶解(jie)速度又很小，充電(dian)時(shi)恢復困(kun)難。因而成為(wei)容量降低和壽命縮短(duan)的原因。硫(liu)化(hua)是(shi)蓄電(dian)瓶容量減少的主要癥結。
介紹完鋰電池和鉛酸蓄電池，小編要提醒大家一下：除以上蓄電池壞損的主因外，電池質量差、極板脫落、電解液外漏、失水、外殼破損、電瓶接線端子斷裂等也是蓄電池壞損的原因，還有一些連我們都沒發覺的潛在因素。上海施能電(dian)器(qi)設備有限公(gong)司始建于1984年，上海市高新技術企業，中國工業車輛優秀配套供應商，上海電器行業名優產品，主要生產工頻系列充電機，高頻系列充電機，鋰電池充電機，系列放電機，系列充放電機等電器產品。
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