電動汽車用鉛酸蓄電池，電動車專用蓄電池
2019/3/8 14:31:38??????點擊：
電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)已經(jing)走向(xiang)人(ren)們的(de)生活(huo)，但是電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)問(wen)題(ti)一直都存(cun)在(zai)。目前市面上的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)主要分為兩種(zhong)類型，一種(zhong)是鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組車(che)(che)型，另一種(zhong)則是鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組車(che)(che)型。小編經(jing)常會在(zai)網(wang)上看到一些網(wang)友(you)問(wen)到底(di)是購(gou)買鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)還是鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)(che)；二者有何區別；哪種(zhong)相對更好(hao)些等等問(wen)題(ti)。
電動汽車專用蓄電池
造成這一困擾的的主要原因有兩點：
第(di)一是價格(ge)，鋰電池(chi)電動(dong)車(che)(che)的價格(ge)一般(ban)都是鉛酸(suan)電池(chi)電動(dong)車(che)(che)價格(ge)的2~3倍(bei)，所以(yi)鋰電池(chi)電動(dong)車(che)(che)的價格(ge)比鉛酸(suan)要高不少價錢；
第二點則是電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)性能問題，網上有人調侃道：“鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車太(tai)貴買不(bu)起(qi)，鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車太(tai)重(zhong)搬(ban)不(bu)動(dong)(dong)”。
鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)在各個性能方面(mian)比(bi)鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)更優越是毫無(wu)疑問的，目前最常見的就是磷(lin)酸(suan)鐵鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，該(gai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)不(bu)像(xiang)鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)有(you)(you)記憶效(xiao)應，在經(jing)過1600多(duo)次充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，該(gai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的的存儲能力(li)依(yi)然(ran)能夠達(da)到85%，鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)與鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)相比(bi)，鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)具有(you)(you)重(zhong)量輕(qing)、比(bi)容量大、循環使用壽命長等(deng)優點，它(ta)作為(wei)低速電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)車(che)載(zai)動力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，不(bu)僅輕(qing)量便攜方便充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，而且有(you)(you)助于整車(che)產品之(zhi)“輕(qing)量化及簡約化”設(she)計(ji)。
鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)主要(yao)由鉛及其氧化物制(zhi)成，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液是硫酸(suan)溶液。鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態下，正極(ji)主要(yao)成分(fen)為二氧化鉛，負極(ji)主要(yao)成分(fen)為鉛；放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態下，正負極(ji)的主要(yao)成分(fen)均為硫酸(suan)鉛。鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)因為有記憶效應，在重疊500多次的時候，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的存儲能力就會大大下降。
兩(liang)種(zhong)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)除了都(dou)(dou)是(shi)屬于儲能(neng)裝置，其他都(dou)(dou)不(bu)怎么一樣。鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)(chi)更(geng)安(an)全，更(geng)便(bian)宜，但是(shi)能(neng)量密(mi)度比鋰電(dian)低，所以鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)體積就大(da)些。即便(bian)這樣，高價格的(de)鋰電(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)動車仍然不(bu)能(neng)完全取代鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)動車。
現階(jie)段而言(yan)，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)（儲能）技術研(yan)究尚未(wei)能獲得突(tu)破性(xing)(xing)進(jin)展(zhan)，即“低成本、高性(xing)(xing)能”電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)尚未(wei)投入(ru)商品化實際應用(yong)之(zhi)前，我們可以(yi)將(jiang)現有的鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的優良特性(xing)(xing)聯合起來(lai)轉型升級(ji)，作為目(mu)前以(yi)至(zhi)今后(hou)一段時期內之(zhi)主要研(yan)究課(ke)題(ti)。相信這對將(jiang)來(lai)低速電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車，甚(shen)至(zhi)整個電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車行業(ye)的發展(zhan)有著(zhu)更明朗的方向(xiang)。
就目前“鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)車(che)”普(pu)及率而(er)言，遠低于(yu)(yu)采用“鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池”車(che)型產品(pin)，其原因(yin)在(zai)于(yu)(yu)，目前鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池成本仍相(xiang)對偏高(gao)。因(yin)而(er)，在(zai)現有“鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)車(che)”產品(pin)設計中，多采用減(jian)少(shao)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的容量配置，來相(xiang)應降低整(zheng)車(che)實施成本。對于(yu)(yu)上述相(xiang)關問題的探討，希望(wang)能夠讓(rang)更(geng)多的消費者認清 “鉛酸(suan)電(dian)動和鋰電(dian)池”兩者的分(fen)析(xi)。
電動(dong)汽車使用中(zhong)(zhong)有可能出(chu)現這樣那樣的(de)問題(ti)，針對(dui)日常使用中(zhong)(zhong)電瓶(ping)會(hui)出(chu)現的(de)一些(xie)問題(ti)進行答疑解惑(huo)。
一直(zhi)以(yi)來(lai)電(dian)瓶(ping)作(zuo)為(wei)“方便電(dian)源”一直(zhi)被人們(men)所廣泛使用(yong)特別是(shi)運用(yong)，特別是(shi)在這些新(xin)能源電(dian)動汽車的(de)運用(yong)上(shang)，但是(shi)人們(men)又對電(dian)池(chi)的(de)知識卻了(le)解甚少。安全大于一切，所以(yi)了(le)解相關(guan)知識非常必要。
“過充”導致蓄電池壞損
“過充”就是過量給(gei)電動汽車的蓄電瓶充電而(er)產生的一(yi)種對蓄電瓶化學和(he)物理性能起到破壞作用的現象。
電(dian)(dian)動汽車充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器在(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)是(shi)同時(shi)給串(chuan)聯(lian)而成的蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)瓶組充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)壓較(jiao)高的電(dian)(dian)瓶會(hui)先(xian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)壓較(jiao)低的蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)瓶會(hui)后充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿甚至(zhi)一直(zhi)在(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，由于充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器是(shi)以(yi)總體電(dian)(dian)壓為(wei)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)或停止充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)設定(ding)的，因此，先(xian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)的蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)瓶就會(hui)處(chu)在(zai)“過充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)”狀態。“壓差”小時(shi)對電(dian)(dian)瓶影響(xiang)不大，“壓差”大時(shi)，經常“過充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)”的電(dian)(dian)瓶池一樣會(hui)產生電(dian)(dian)解液熱反應加劇，直(zhi)至(zhi)把這節蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)瓶充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壞。
“虧電”導致電瓶壞損
低速電(dian)(dian)動汽車所說的“虧電(dian)(dian)”是(shi)電(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)電(dian)(dian)量不(bu)足、電(dian)(dian)壓偏低時(shi)強行過(guo)量放電(dian)(dian)產生的一種破壞蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)極板涂(tu)層的現象。要知(zhi)道，任何車載(zai)電(dian)(dian)器的工作電(dian)(dian)壓都有(you)一個(ge)(ge)標準(zhun)范圍(wei)，超過(guo)這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)范圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)器容易短路甚至燒毀，低于這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)范圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)器無法啟動或正常工作，甚至影響(xiang)使用壽命，車載(zai)電(dian)(dian)器和蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)都是(shi)這(zhe)樣。
大電流放電使電瓶壞損
低(di)速電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車在(zai)啟動、加(jia)速的(de)(de)(de)瞬間(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很大(da)(da)，一般(ban)會達到(dao)20A—50A，根據低(di)速電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功(gong)率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)小，正常的(de)(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流一般(ban)控制在(zai)10A以內為(wei)好(hao)。過(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)就(jiu)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車行駛(shi)中負載(zai)(zai)超重，如過(guo)(guo)(guo)量的(de)(de)(de)載(zai)(zai)貨、載(zai)(zai)人(ren)等(deng)，過(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)會使(shi)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷(he)加(jia)大(da)(da)，長(chang)時間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，會直接影響極板(ban)涂層(ceng)，加(jia)快極板(ban)軟(ruan)化的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程。 還有就(jiu)是路況不好(hao)也(ye)會使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車頻繁的(de)(de)(de)剎車和啟動。如坑洼(wa)、紅(hong)燈、路障等(deng)，都是造(zao)成(cheng)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)因素。因為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功(gong)率(lv)越(yue)大(da)(da)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流也(ye)就(jiu)越(yue)大(da)(da)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)的(de)(de)(de)損(sun)傷(shang)也(ye)就(jiu)越(yue)大(da)(da)。
極板硫化導電瓶壞損
在極板上生成白色(se)堅硬的硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)酸鉛結(jie)晶(jing)，充(chong)電時又非常難(nan)于轉化(hua)為(wei)活(huo)性物質(zhi)的硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)酸鉛，這就(jiu)是(shi)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)酸鹽化(hua)，簡稱“硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)”。這種硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)酸鉛的導電性不良、電阻大，溶解(jie)度和(he)溶解(jie)速度又很小(xiao)，充(chong)電時恢復(fu)困難(nan)。因而(er)成為(wei)容(rong)量降低和(he)壽命縮(suo)短(duan)的原因。硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)是(shi)蓄(xu)電瓶(ping)容(rong)量減少的主要癥結(jie)。
介紹完鋰電池和鉛酸蓄電池，小編要提醒大家一下：除以上蓄電池壞損的主因外，電池質量差、極板脫落、電解液外漏、失水、外殼破損、電瓶接線端子斷裂等也是蓄電池壞損的原因，還有一些連我們都沒發覺的潛在因素。上(shang)海施能電器設備有限公司始建于1984年，上海市高新技術企業，中國工業車輛優秀配套供應商，上海電器行業名優產品，主要生產工頻系列充電機，高頻系列充電機，鋰電池充電機，系列放電機，系列充放電機等電器產品。
電動汽車專用蓄電池
造成這一困擾的的主要原因有兩點：
第(di)一是價格(ge)，鋰電池(chi)電動(dong)車(che)(che)的價格(ge)一般(ban)都是鉛酸(suan)電池(chi)電動(dong)車(che)(che)價格(ge)的2~3倍(bei)，所以(yi)鋰電池(chi)電動(dong)車(che)(che)的價格(ge)比鉛酸(suan)要高不少價錢；
第二點則是電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)性能問題，網上有人調侃道：“鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車太(tai)貴買不(bu)起(qi)，鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車太(tai)重(zhong)搬(ban)不(bu)動(dong)(dong)”。
鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)在各個性能方面(mian)比(bi)鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)更優越是毫無(wu)疑問的，目前最常見的就是磷(lin)酸(suan)鐵鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，該(gai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)不(bu)像(xiang)鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)有(you)(you)記憶效(xiao)應，在經(jing)過1600多(duo)次充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，該(gai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的的存儲能力(li)依(yi)然(ran)能夠達(da)到85%，鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)與鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)相比(bi)，鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)具有(you)(you)重(zhong)量輕(qing)、比(bi)容量大、循環使用壽命長等(deng)優點，它(ta)作為(wei)低速電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)車(che)載(zai)動力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，不(bu)僅輕(qing)量便攜方便充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，而且有(you)(you)助于整車(che)產品之(zhi)“輕(qing)量化及簡約化”設(she)計(ji)。
鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)主要(yao)由鉛及其氧化物制(zhi)成，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液是硫酸(suan)溶液。鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態下，正極(ji)主要(yao)成分(fen)為二氧化鉛，負極(ji)主要(yao)成分(fen)為鉛；放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態下，正負極(ji)的主要(yao)成分(fen)均為硫酸(suan)鉛。鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)因為有記憶效應，在重疊500多次的時候，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的存儲能力就會大大下降。
兩(liang)種(zhong)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)除了都(dou)(dou)是(shi)屬于儲能(neng)裝置，其他都(dou)(dou)不(bu)怎么一樣。鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)(chi)更(geng)安(an)全，更(geng)便(bian)宜，但是(shi)能(neng)量密(mi)度比鋰電(dian)低，所以鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)體積就大(da)些。即便(bian)這樣，高價格的(de)鋰電(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)動車仍然不(bu)能(neng)完全取代鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)動車。
現階(jie)段而言(yan)，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)（儲能）技術研(yan)究尚未(wei)能獲得突(tu)破性(xing)(xing)進(jin)展(zhan)，即“低成本、高性(xing)(xing)能”電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)尚未(wei)投入(ru)商品化實際應用(yong)之(zhi)前，我們可以(yi)將(jiang)現有的鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的優良特性(xing)(xing)聯合起來(lai)轉型升級(ji)，作為目(mu)前以(yi)至(zhi)今后(hou)一段時期內之(zhi)主要研(yan)究課(ke)題(ti)。相信這對將(jiang)來(lai)低速電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車，甚(shen)至(zhi)整個電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車行業(ye)的發展(zhan)有著(zhu)更明朗的方向(xiang)。
就目前“鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)車(che)”普(pu)及率而(er)言，遠低于(yu)(yu)采用“鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池”車(che)型產品(pin)，其原因(yin)在(zai)于(yu)(yu)，目前鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池成本仍相(xiang)對偏高(gao)。因(yin)而(er)，在(zai)現有“鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)車(che)”產品(pin)設計中，多采用減(jian)少(shao)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的容量配置，來相(xiang)應降低整(zheng)車(che)實施成本。對于(yu)(yu)上述相(xiang)關問題的探討，希望(wang)能夠讓(rang)更(geng)多的消費者認清 “鉛酸(suan)電(dian)動和鋰電(dian)池”兩者的分(fen)析(xi)。
電動(dong)汽車使用中(zhong)(zhong)有可能出(chu)現這樣那樣的(de)問題(ti)，針對(dui)日常使用中(zhong)(zhong)電瓶(ping)會(hui)出(chu)現的(de)一些(xie)問題(ti)進行答疑解惑(huo)。
一直(zhi)以(yi)來(lai)電(dian)瓶(ping)作(zuo)為(wei)“方便電(dian)源”一直(zhi)被人們(men)所廣泛使用(yong)特別是(shi)運用(yong)，特別是(shi)在這些新(xin)能源電(dian)動汽車的(de)運用(yong)上(shang)，但是(shi)人們(men)又對電(dian)池(chi)的(de)知識卻了(le)解甚少。安全大于一切，所以(yi)了(le)解相關(guan)知識非常必要。
“過充”導致蓄電池壞損
“過充”就是過量給(gei)電動汽車的蓄電瓶充電而(er)產生的一(yi)種對蓄電瓶化學和(he)物理性能起到破壞作用的現象。
電(dian)(dian)動汽車充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器在(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)是(shi)同時(shi)給串(chuan)聯(lian)而成的蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)瓶組充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)壓較(jiao)高的電(dian)(dian)瓶會(hui)先(xian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)壓較(jiao)低的蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)瓶會(hui)后充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿甚至(zhi)一直(zhi)在(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，由于充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器是(shi)以(yi)總體電(dian)(dian)壓為(wei)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)或停止充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)設定(ding)的，因此，先(xian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)的蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)瓶就會(hui)處(chu)在(zai)“過充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)”狀態。“壓差”小時(shi)對電(dian)(dian)瓶影響(xiang)不大，“壓差”大時(shi)，經常“過充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)”的電(dian)(dian)瓶池一樣會(hui)產生電(dian)(dian)解液熱反應加劇，直(zhi)至(zhi)把這節蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)瓶充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壞。
“虧電”導致電瓶壞損
低速電(dian)(dian)動汽車所說的“虧電(dian)(dian)”是(shi)電(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)電(dian)(dian)量不(bu)足、電(dian)(dian)壓偏低時(shi)強行過(guo)量放電(dian)(dian)產生的一種破壞蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)極板涂(tu)層的現象。要知(zhi)道，任何車載(zai)電(dian)(dian)器的工作電(dian)(dian)壓都有(you)一個(ge)(ge)標準(zhun)范圍(wei)，超過(guo)這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)范圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)器容易短路甚至燒毀，低于這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)范圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)器無法啟動或正常工作，甚至影響(xiang)使用壽命，車載(zai)電(dian)(dian)器和蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)都是(shi)這(zhe)樣。
大電流放電使電瓶壞損
低(di)速電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車在(zai)啟動、加(jia)速的(de)(de)(de)瞬間(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很大(da)(da)，一般(ban)會達到(dao)20A—50A，根據低(di)速電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功(gong)率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)小，正常的(de)(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流一般(ban)控制在(zai)10A以內為(wei)好(hao)。過(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)就(jiu)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車行駛(shi)中負載(zai)(zai)超重，如過(guo)(guo)(guo)量的(de)(de)(de)載(zai)(zai)貨、載(zai)(zai)人(ren)等(deng)，過(guo)(guo)(guo)載(zai)(zai)會使(shi)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷(he)加(jia)大(da)(da)，長(chang)時間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，會直接影響極板(ban)涂層(ceng)，加(jia)快極板(ban)軟(ruan)化的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程。 還有就(jiu)是路況不好(hao)也(ye)會使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車頻繁的(de)(de)(de)剎車和啟動。如坑洼(wa)、紅(hong)燈、路障等(deng)，都是造(zao)成(cheng)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)因素。因為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功(gong)率(lv)越(yue)大(da)(da)，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流也(ye)就(jiu)越(yue)大(da)(da)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)的(de)(de)(de)損(sun)傷(shang)也(ye)就(jiu)越(yue)大(da)(da)。
極板硫化導電瓶壞損
在極板上生成白色(se)堅硬的硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)酸鉛結(jie)晶(jing)，充(chong)電時又非常難(nan)于轉化(hua)為(wei)活(huo)性物質(zhi)的硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)酸鉛，這就(jiu)是(shi)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)酸鹽化(hua)，簡稱“硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)”。這種硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)酸鉛的導電性不良、電阻大，溶解(jie)度和(he)溶解(jie)速度又很小(xiao)，充(chong)電時恢復(fu)困難(nan)。因而(er)成為(wei)容(rong)量降低和(he)壽命縮(suo)短(duan)的原因。硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)化(hua)是(shi)蓄(xu)電瓶(ping)容(rong)量減少的主要癥結(jie)。
介紹完鋰電池和鉛酸蓄電池，小編要提醒大家一下：除以上蓄電池壞損的主因外，電池質量差、極板脫落、電解液外漏、失水、外殼破損、電瓶接線端子斷裂等也是蓄電池壞損的原因，還有一些連我們都沒發覺的潛在因素。上(shang)海施能電器設備有限公司始建于1984年，上海市高新技術企業，中國工業車輛優秀配套供應商，上海電器行業名優產品，主要生產工頻系列充電機，高頻系列充電機，鋰電池充電機，系列放電機，系列充放電機等電器產品。
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