電動汽車用鉛酸蓄電池，電動車專用蓄電池
2019/3/8 14:31:38??????點擊：
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)已經(jing)走向人們(men)的生活，但(dan)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)問(wen)題一直都存在。目前市面上的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)主(zhu)要(yao)分為(wei)兩(liang)種類型，一種是(shi)(shi)鉛(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組車(che)(che)(che)型，另一種則是(shi)(shi)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組車(che)(che)(che)型。小編經(jing)常會(hui)在網(wang)上看到一些網(wang)友問(wen)到底(di)是(shi)(shi)購買(mai)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)還是(shi)(shi)鉛(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)(che)(che)；二者(zhe)有何區別；哪種相(xiang)對更好(hao)些等等問(wen)題。
電動汽車專用蓄電池
造成這一困擾的的主要原因有兩點：
第(di)一是價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)，鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)的價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)一般都是鉛(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)的2~3倍，所以鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)的價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)比鉛(qian)酸要高不少價(jia)(jia)錢；
第二點則是電池性能問題，網上有人(ren)調(diao)侃道：“鋰(li)電池電動車太貴(gui)買不起(qi)，鉛酸電池電動車太重搬(ban)不動”。
鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在各個性能(neng)方面比(bi)鉛酸(suan)(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)更優越(yue)是(shi)毫無疑問的(de)，目前最常見的(de)就是(shi)磷酸(suan)(suan)鐵鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)不像鉛酸(suan)(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)有記(ji)憶(yi)效應，在經過1600多次充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)的(de)存儲能(neng)力依然能(neng)夠達到(dao)85%，鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)與(yu)鉛酸(suan)(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)相比(bi)，鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)具有重量輕、比(bi)容量大、循(xun)環(huan)使用壽命長等(deng)優點(dian)，它作為低(di)速電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)車(che)載動力電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，不僅輕量便(bian)攜方便(bian)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，而(er)且有助于整車(che)產品之“輕量化及簡約化”設計。
鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)主要由鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)及其氧(yang)化物(wu)制成(cheng)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液是硫酸溶液。鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)，正(zheng)極(ji)主要成(cheng)分為(wei)二氧(yang)化鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)，負極(ji)主要成(cheng)分為(wei)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)；放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)，正(zheng)負極(ji)的(de)主要成(cheng)分均(jun)為(wei)硫酸鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)。鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)因(yin)為(wei)有記憶效(xiao)應，在重疊500多(duo)次的(de)時候，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)存儲能力就會大(da)大(da)下(xia)降。
兩種電池除了(le)都是(shi)屬于(yu)儲能(neng)裝置，其他(ta)都不(bu)怎么一樣。鉛酸電池更(geng)安全(quan)，更(geng)便宜，但是(shi)能(neng)量密度比鋰電低，所(suo)以鉛酸電池的體積(ji)就(jiu)大些。即便這(zhe)樣，高價格的鋰電池電動(dong)車仍然不(bu)能(neng)完全(quan)取代(dai)鉛酸電池電動(dong)車。
現(xian)階段而言，在(zai)電池（儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)）技術研究(jiu)尚未(wei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)獲得突破性(xing)進展(zhan)，即(ji)“低成本、高(gao)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)”電池尚未(wei)投入商品化(hua)實際應用之前(qian)，我們可(ke)以將現(xian)有的鉛(qian)酸電池和鋰電池的優良(liang)特(te)性(xing)聯合起來轉型升級，作為目(mu)前(qian)以至(zhi)今(jin)后一段時(shi)期內之主要研究(jiu)課題。相信這對將來低速(su)電動(dong)汽車，甚至(zhi)整個電動(dong)汽車行(xing)業(ye)的發展(zhan)有著更(geng)明(ming)朗(lang)的方向。
就目前(qian)(qian)“鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)車(che)”普及率而(er)言，遠(yuan)低(di)于采用“鉛酸電(dian)(dian)池(chi)”車(che)型產(chan)品，其(qi)原(yuan)因(yin)在(zai)于，目前(qian)(qian)鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)成本(ben)仍(reng)相(xiang)對偏高。因(yin)而(er)，在(zai)現有“鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)車(che)”產(chan)品設計中，多采用減少(shao)鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的容量配(pei)置，來相(xiang)應降低(di)整車(che)實施(shi)成本(ben)。對于上述(shu)相(xiang)關問題的探討(tao)，希望能夠(gou)讓更(geng)多的消費(fei)者認(ren)清(qing) “鉛(qian)酸電動和鋰電池”兩者的分析(xi)。
電(dian)(dian)動汽車使(shi)用中有可能出現(xian)這樣那樣的(de)(de)問題，針對日常使(shi)用中電(dian)(dian)瓶會出現(xian)的(de)(de)一些問題進行答(da)疑解(jie)惑(huo)。
一直以(yi)來電(dian)瓶作為“方便電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)”一直被人們(men)所廣(guang)泛(fan)使用(yong)(yong)特別是運(yun)用(yong)(yong)，特別是在這些新能源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)動(dong)汽車的(de)運(yun)用(yong)(yong)上，但是人們(men)又對電(dian)池的(de)知(zhi)識卻了解甚(shen)少。安全(quan)大于一切，所以(yi)了解相關知(zhi)識非常必要。
“過充”導致蓄電池壞損
“過充”就是過量給電動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)的(de)蓄電瓶(ping)充電而產(chan)生的(de)一(yi)種對蓄電瓶(ping)化學(xue)和物(wu)理(li)性能起到破壞作用(yong)的(de)現(xian)象。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器在(zai)(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)是同時(shi)(shi)(shi)給串聯而成的(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)組充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓較高的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)會(hui)(hui)先充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿(man)(man)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓較低的(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)會(hui)(hui)后充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿(man)(man)甚(shen)至(zhi)一(yi)(yi)直在(zai)(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，由于(yu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器是以總體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或停止(zhi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設定的(de)，因此(ci)，先充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿(man)(man)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)就會(hui)(hui)處在(zai)(zai)“過充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)”狀(zhuang)態。“壓差”小時(shi)(shi)(shi)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)影響不大(da)(da)，“壓差”大(da)(da)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，經常“過充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)”的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)池一(yi)(yi)樣會(hui)(hui)產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)熱反應加劇，直至(zhi)把(ba)這節蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壞。
“虧電”導致電瓶壞損
低(di)(di)速電(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)所說的(de)“虧電(dian)”是電(dian)瓶(ping)電(dian)量不足、電(dian)壓(ya)偏低(di)(di)時強行過量放電(dian)產生(sheng)的(de)一種破壞蓄電(dian)瓶(ping)極板(ban)涂層的(de)現象。要(yao)知(zhi)道，任何車(che)載電(dian)器的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)電(dian)壓(ya)都有一個(ge)標準范圍，超(chao)過這(zhe)個(ge)范圍電(dian)器容易(yi)短路甚(shen)至(zhi)燒毀，低(di)(di)于這(zhe)個(ge)范圍電(dian)器無法啟動(dong)或正(zheng)常工(gong)作(zuo)，甚(shen)至(zhi)影響使用壽(shou)命(ming)，車(che)載電(dian)器和蓄電(dian)瓶(ping)都是這(zhe)樣。
大電流放電使電瓶壞損
低速電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)在啟動(dong)、加速的(de)瞬間電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)很大(da)(da)，一般(ban)會達到20A—50A，根據低速電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功率的(de)大(da)(da)小，正常的(de)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)一般(ban)控制(zhi)在10A以內為好。過(guo)載就(jiu)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)行駛(shi)中負(fu)載超重(zhong)，如過(guo)量的(de)載貨、載人(ren)等，過(guo)載會使蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)荷加大(da)(da)，長時間的(de)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，會直接(jie)影響極板(ban)涂(tu)層，加快極板(ban)軟(ruan)化(hua)的(de)過(guo)程。 還有就(jiu)是路(lu)況不(bu)好也(ye)會使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)頻繁(fan)的(de)剎車(che)和(he)啟動(dong)。如坑洼(wa)、紅燈、路(lu)障等，都是造成大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)因素。因為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功率越大(da)(da)，放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)也(ye)就(jiu)越大(da)(da)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶的(de)損傷也(ye)就(jiu)越大(da)(da)。
極板硫化導電瓶壞損
在極板上生成白色堅硬的(de)硫(liu)酸鉛(qian)結晶(jing)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時又非(fei)常難(nan)于轉化(hua)為(wei)活性(xing)(xing)物(wu)質的(de)硫(liu)酸鉛(qian)，這就(jiu)是硫(liu)酸鹽化(hua)，簡(jian)稱“硫(liu)化(hua)”。這種硫(liu)酸鉛(qian)的(de)導電(dian)(dian)性(xing)(xing)不良、電(dian)(dian)阻大，溶解(jie)度和溶解(jie)速度又很(hen)小，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時恢復困難(nan)。因而成為(wei)容量降低(di)和壽命縮短的(de)原因。硫(liu)化(hua)是蓄電(dian)(dian)瓶容量減少的(de)主要(yao)癥(zheng)結。
介紹完鋰電池和鉛酸蓄電池，小編要提醒大家一下：除以上蓄電池壞損的主因外，電池質量差、極板脫落、電解液外漏、失水、外殼破損、電瓶接線端子斷裂等也是蓄電池壞損的原因，還有一些連我們都沒發覺的潛在因素。上海施(shi)能電器設備有限(xian)公司(si)始建于1984年，上海市高新技術企業，中國工業車輛優秀配套供應商，上海電器行業名優產品，主要生產工頻系列充電機，高頻系列充電機，鋰電池充電機，系列放電機，系列充放電機等電器產品。
電動汽車專用蓄電池
造成這一困擾的的主要原因有兩點：
第(di)一是價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)，鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)的價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)一般都是鉛(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)的2~3倍，所以鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)的價(jia)(jia)格(ge)(ge)比鉛(qian)酸要高不少價(jia)(jia)錢；
第二點則是電池性能問題，網上有人(ren)調(diao)侃道：“鋰(li)電池電動車太貴(gui)買不起(qi)，鉛酸電池電動車太重搬(ban)不動”。
鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在各個性能(neng)方面比(bi)鉛酸(suan)(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)更優越(yue)是(shi)毫無疑問的(de)，目前最常見的(de)就是(shi)磷酸(suan)(suan)鐵鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)不像鉛酸(suan)(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)有記(ji)憶(yi)效應，在經過1600多次充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)的(de)存儲能(neng)力依然能(neng)夠達到(dao)85%，鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)與(yu)鉛酸(suan)(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)相比(bi)，鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)具有重量輕、比(bi)容量大、循(xun)環(huan)使用壽命長等(deng)優點(dian)，它作為低(di)速電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)車(che)載動力電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，不僅輕量便(bian)攜方便(bian)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，而(er)且有助于整車(che)產品之“輕量化及簡約化”設計。
鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)主要由鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)及其氧(yang)化物(wu)制成(cheng)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液是硫酸溶液。鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)，正(zheng)極(ji)主要成(cheng)分為(wei)二氧(yang)化鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)，負極(ji)主要成(cheng)分為(wei)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)；放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)，正(zheng)負極(ji)的(de)主要成(cheng)分均(jun)為(wei)硫酸鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)。鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)因(yin)為(wei)有記憶效(xiao)應，在重疊500多(duo)次的(de)時候，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)存儲能力就會大(da)大(da)下(xia)降。
兩種電池除了(le)都是(shi)屬于(yu)儲能(neng)裝置，其他(ta)都不(bu)怎么一樣。鉛酸電池更(geng)安全(quan)，更(geng)便宜，但是(shi)能(neng)量密度比鋰電低，所(suo)以鉛酸電池的體積(ji)就(jiu)大些。即便這(zhe)樣，高價格的鋰電池電動(dong)車仍然不(bu)能(neng)完全(quan)取代(dai)鉛酸電池電動(dong)車。
現(xian)階段而言，在(zai)電池（儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)）技術研究(jiu)尚未(wei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)獲得突破性(xing)進展(zhan)，即(ji)“低成本、高(gao)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)”電池尚未(wei)投入商品化(hua)實際應用之前(qian)，我們可(ke)以將現(xian)有的鉛(qian)酸電池和鋰電池的優良(liang)特(te)性(xing)聯合起來轉型升級，作為目(mu)前(qian)以至(zhi)今(jin)后一段時(shi)期內之主要研究(jiu)課題。相信這對將來低速(su)電動(dong)汽車，甚至(zhi)整個電動(dong)汽車行(xing)業(ye)的發展(zhan)有著更(geng)明(ming)朗(lang)的方向。
就目前(qian)(qian)“鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)車(che)”普及率而(er)言，遠(yuan)低(di)于采用“鉛酸電(dian)(dian)池(chi)”車(che)型產(chan)品，其(qi)原(yuan)因(yin)在(zai)于，目前(qian)(qian)鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)成本(ben)仍(reng)相(xiang)對偏高。因(yin)而(er)，在(zai)現有“鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)車(che)”產(chan)品設計中，多采用減少(shao)鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的容量配(pei)置，來相(xiang)應降低(di)整車(che)實施(shi)成本(ben)。對于上述(shu)相(xiang)關問題的探討(tao)，希望能夠(gou)讓更(geng)多的消費(fei)者認(ren)清(qing) “鉛(qian)酸電動和鋰電池”兩者的分析(xi)。
電(dian)(dian)動汽車使(shi)用中有可能出現(xian)這樣那樣的(de)(de)問題，針對日常使(shi)用中電(dian)(dian)瓶會出現(xian)的(de)(de)一些問題進行答(da)疑解(jie)惑(huo)。
一直以(yi)來電(dian)瓶作為“方便電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)”一直被人們(men)所廣(guang)泛(fan)使用(yong)(yong)特別是運(yun)用(yong)(yong)，特別是在這些新能源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)動(dong)汽車的(de)運(yun)用(yong)(yong)上，但是人們(men)又對電(dian)池的(de)知(zhi)識卻了解甚(shen)少。安全(quan)大于一切，所以(yi)了解相關知(zhi)識非常必要。
“過充”導致蓄電池壞損
“過充”就是過量給電動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)的(de)蓄電瓶(ping)充電而產(chan)生的(de)一(yi)種對蓄電瓶(ping)化學(xue)和物(wu)理(li)性能起到破壞作用(yong)的(de)現(xian)象。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器在(zai)(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)是同時(shi)(shi)(shi)給串聯而成的(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)組充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓較高的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)會(hui)(hui)先充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿(man)(man)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓較低的(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)會(hui)(hui)后充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿(man)(man)甚(shen)至(zhi)一(yi)(yi)直在(zai)(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，由于(yu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器是以總體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或停止(zhi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設定的(de)，因此(ci)，先充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿(man)(man)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)就會(hui)(hui)處在(zai)(zai)“過充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)”狀(zhuang)態。“壓差”小時(shi)(shi)(shi)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)影響不大(da)(da)，“壓差”大(da)(da)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，經常“過充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)”的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)池一(yi)(yi)樣會(hui)(hui)產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)熱反應加劇，直至(zhi)把(ba)這節蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壞。
“虧電”導致電瓶壞損
低(di)(di)速電(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)所說的(de)“虧電(dian)”是電(dian)瓶(ping)電(dian)量不足、電(dian)壓(ya)偏低(di)(di)時強行過量放電(dian)產生(sheng)的(de)一種破壞蓄電(dian)瓶(ping)極板(ban)涂層的(de)現象。要(yao)知(zhi)道，任何車(che)載電(dian)器的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)電(dian)壓(ya)都有一個(ge)標準范圍，超(chao)過這(zhe)個(ge)范圍電(dian)器容易(yi)短路甚(shen)至(zhi)燒毀，低(di)(di)于這(zhe)個(ge)范圍電(dian)器無法啟動(dong)或正(zheng)常工(gong)作(zuo)，甚(shen)至(zhi)影響使用壽(shou)命(ming)，車(che)載電(dian)器和蓄電(dian)瓶(ping)都是這(zhe)樣。
大電流放電使電瓶壞損
低速電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)在啟動(dong)、加速的(de)瞬間電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)很大(da)(da)，一般(ban)會達到20A—50A，根據低速電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功率的(de)大(da)(da)小，正常的(de)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)一般(ban)控制(zhi)在10A以內為好。過(guo)載就(jiu)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)行駛(shi)中負(fu)載超重(zhong)，如過(guo)量的(de)載貨、載人(ren)等，過(guo)載會使蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)荷加大(da)(da)，長時間的(de)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，會直接(jie)影響極板(ban)涂(tu)層，加快極板(ban)軟(ruan)化(hua)的(de)過(guo)程。 還有就(jiu)是路(lu)況不(bu)好也(ye)會使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)頻繁(fan)的(de)剎車(che)和(he)啟動(dong)。如坑洼(wa)、紅燈、路(lu)障等，都是造成大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)因素。因為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功率越大(da)(da)，放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)也(ye)就(jiu)越大(da)(da)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶的(de)損傷也(ye)就(jiu)越大(da)(da)。
極板硫化導電瓶壞損
在極板上生成白色堅硬的(de)硫(liu)酸鉛(qian)結晶(jing)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時又非(fei)常難(nan)于轉化(hua)為(wei)活性(xing)(xing)物(wu)質的(de)硫(liu)酸鉛(qian)，這就(jiu)是硫(liu)酸鹽化(hua)，簡(jian)稱“硫(liu)化(hua)”。這種硫(liu)酸鉛(qian)的(de)導電(dian)(dian)性(xing)(xing)不良、電(dian)(dian)阻大，溶解(jie)度和溶解(jie)速度又很(hen)小，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時恢復困難(nan)。因而成為(wei)容量降低(di)和壽命縮短的(de)原因。硫(liu)化(hua)是蓄電(dian)(dian)瓶容量減少的(de)主要(yao)癥(zheng)結。
介紹完鋰電池和鉛酸蓄電池，小編要提醒大家一下：除以上蓄電池壞損的主因外，電池質量差、極板脫落、電解液外漏、失水、外殼破損、電瓶接線端子斷裂等也是蓄電池壞損的原因，還有一些連我們都沒發覺的潛在因素。上海施(shi)能電器設備有限(xian)公司(si)始建于1984年，上海市高新技術企業，中國工業車輛優秀配套供應商，上海電器行業名優產品，主要生產工頻系列充電機，高頻系列充電機，鋰電池充電機，系列放電機，系列充放電機等電器產品。
- 上一篇：電動汽車專用保險以及專屬“電池險”即將出臺，網友：眾望所歸！ 2019/3/11
- 下一篇：汽車在啟動狀態下使用大功率用電器，會消耗蓄電池的電能嗎？ 2019/3/8