處理蓄電池充電機突然停電的方法
2019/6/14 9:33:52??????點擊：
處理蓄(xu)電(dian)池充電(dian)機突(tu)然停電(dian)的方法
當蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)足電(dian)(dian)后，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)必須適時地切斷充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流，否則蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)將出現(xian)大量出氣、失水和溫升等過充(chong)(chong)反(fan)應，直接危(wei)及蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的使用(yong)壽(shou)命。因此(ci)，必須隨時監測蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)狀況，保證電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)足電(dian)(dian)而又(you)不(bu)過充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。主要的停充(chong)(chong)控制方法有：
（1）定(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)控(kong)制(zhi)采用恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)法時(shi)(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池所需充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)可(ke)根據(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池容量和充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的大小很(hen)容易地確(que)定(ding)，因此(ci)只要預先設定(ding)好充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)，一旦時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)一到，定(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)器即可(ke)發(fa)出信號停充(chong)(chong)(chong)或降為(wei)涓流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。定(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)器可(ke)由時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器充(chong)(chong)(chong)當(dang)，或者(zhe)由單(dan)片機承(cheng)擔其(qi)功能。這種方法簡單(dan)，但充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)不(bu)能根據(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)前狀(zhuang)態而自動(dong)調整，因此(ci)實(shi)際充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)能會出現(xian)有時(shi)(shi)(shi)欠充(chong)(chong)(chong)、有時(shi)(shi)(shi)過充(chong)(chong)(chong)的現(xian)象；
（2）電(dian)池(chi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)控制對Ni-cd電(dian)池(chi)而言，正常充(chong)電(dian)時，蓄電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)變化(hua)(hua)并不明顯，但是(shi)，當電(dian)池(chi)過充(chong)時，其(qi)內(nei)部氣(qi)體壓力(li)將迅(xun)速(su)增大，負極板(ban)上氧化(hua)(hua)反(fan)應(ying)使內(nei)部發熱，溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)迅(xun)速(su)上升（每分鐘可升高幾個攝氏度(du)(du)）。因(yin)此，觀(guan)察電(dian)池(chi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)變化(hua)(hua)，即可判斷電(dian)池(chi)是(shi)否已經充(chong)滿。通常采(cai)用兩(liang)(liang)只熱敏電(dian)阻分別檢(jian)(jian)測電(dian)池(chi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)和環(huan)境溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)，當兩(liang)(liang)者溫(wen)(wen)差(cha)達(da)到(dao)一(yi)定值(zhi)時，即發出停充(chong)信(xin)號。由于熱敏電(dian)阻動態響應(ying)速(su)度(du)(du)較慢(man)，故不能及時準確地檢(jian)(jian)測到(dao)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)滿充(chong)狀態；
（3）電(dian)(dian)池(chi)端電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)負增(zeng)量控(kong)制(zhi)一(yi)般而言，當(dang)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)足(zu)電(dian)(dian)后，其端電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)將呈現下降趨勢(shi)，據此(ci)可(ke)將電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)出現負增(zeng)長的時(shi)刻作為停(ting)充(chong)時(shi)刻。與(yu)溫度控(kong)制(zhi)法相比，這種方法響應速度快，此(ci)外，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的負增(zeng)量與(yu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的絕(jue)對值無關，因(yin)此(ci)這種停(ting)充(chong)控(kong)制(zhi)方法可(ke)適應具(ju)有不同單格電(dian)(dian)池(chi)數的蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。此(ci)方法的缺點是一(yi)般的檢測器靈敏度和可(ke)靠性不高(gao)，同時(shi)，當(dang)環境溫度較高(gao)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)足(zu)電(dian)(dian)后電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的減小并不明(ming)顯，因(yin)而難以(yi)控(kong)制(zhi)。
當蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)足電(dian)(dian)后，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)必須適時地切斷充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流，否則蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)將出現(xian)大量出氣、失水和溫升等過充(chong)(chong)反(fan)應，直接危(wei)及蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的使用(yong)壽(shou)命。因此(ci)，必須隨時監測蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)狀況，保證電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)足電(dian)(dian)而又(you)不(bu)過充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。主要的停充(chong)(chong)控制方法有：
（1）定(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)控(kong)制(zhi)采用恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)法時(shi)(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池所需充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)可(ke)根據(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池容量和充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的大小很(hen)容易地確(que)定(ding)，因此(ci)只要預先設定(ding)好充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)，一旦時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)一到，定(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)器即可(ke)發(fa)出信號停充(chong)(chong)(chong)或降為(wei)涓流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。定(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)器可(ke)由時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器充(chong)(chong)(chong)當(dang)，或者(zhe)由單(dan)片機承(cheng)擔其(qi)功能。這種方法簡單(dan)，但充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)不(bu)能根據(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)前狀(zhuang)態而自動(dong)調整，因此(ci)實(shi)際充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)能會出現(xian)有時(shi)(shi)(shi)欠充(chong)(chong)(chong)、有時(shi)(shi)(shi)過充(chong)(chong)(chong)的現(xian)象；
（2）電(dian)池(chi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)控制對Ni-cd電(dian)池(chi)而言，正常充(chong)電(dian)時，蓄電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)變化(hua)(hua)并不明顯，但是(shi)，當電(dian)池(chi)過充(chong)時，其(qi)內(nei)部氣(qi)體壓力(li)將迅(xun)速(su)增大，負極板(ban)上氧化(hua)(hua)反(fan)應(ying)使內(nei)部發熱，溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)迅(xun)速(su)上升（每分鐘可升高幾個攝氏度(du)(du)）。因(yin)此，觀(guan)察電(dian)池(chi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)變化(hua)(hua)，即可判斷電(dian)池(chi)是(shi)否已經充(chong)滿。通常采(cai)用兩(liang)(liang)只熱敏電(dian)阻分別檢(jian)(jian)測電(dian)池(chi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)和環(huan)境溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)，當兩(liang)(liang)者溫(wen)(wen)差(cha)達(da)到(dao)一(yi)定值(zhi)時，即發出停充(chong)信(xin)號。由于熱敏電(dian)阻動態響應(ying)速(su)度(du)(du)較慢(man)，故不能及時準確地檢(jian)(jian)測到(dao)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)滿充(chong)狀態；
（3）電(dian)(dian)池(chi)端電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)負增(zeng)量控(kong)制(zhi)一(yi)般而言，當(dang)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)足(zu)電(dian)(dian)后，其端電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)將呈現下降趨勢(shi)，據此(ci)可(ke)將電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)出現負增(zeng)長的時(shi)刻作為停(ting)充(chong)時(shi)刻。與(yu)溫度控(kong)制(zhi)法相比，這種方法響應速度快，此(ci)外，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的負增(zeng)量與(yu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的絕(jue)對值無關，因(yin)此(ci)這種停(ting)充(chong)控(kong)制(zhi)方法可(ke)適應具(ju)有不同單格電(dian)(dian)池(chi)數的蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。此(ci)方法的缺點是一(yi)般的檢測器靈敏度和可(ke)靠性不高(gao)，同時(shi)，當(dang)環境溫度較高(gao)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)足(zu)電(dian)(dian)后電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的減小并不明(ming)顯，因(yin)而難以(yi)控(kong)制(zhi)。
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