處理蓄電池充電機突然停電的方法
2019/6/14 9:33:52??????點擊：
處理蓄(xu)電池充電機突然停(ting)電的方法
當蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)足(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)后，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機必須適(shi)時地切斷充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，否(fou)則蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池將出現(xian)大量出氣、失水和溫升等過(guo)充(chong)(chong)反(fan)應，直接危及蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)使用壽命。因(yin)此，必須隨時監測蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀況，保(bao)證(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)足(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)而(er)又不過(guo)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。主要的(de)停充(chong)(chong)控制方(fang)法有：
（1）定(ding)(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)控(kong)制采用恒流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)法時(shi)(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)所(suo)需充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間可(ke)根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量和充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)大小(xiao)很容易地(di)確定(ding)(ding)，因此(ci)只要(yao)預先(xian)設定(ding)(ding)好充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間，一旦時(shi)(shi)(shi)間一到，定(ding)(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)器即(ji)可(ke)發出信號停(ting)充(chong)或降為(wei)涓流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。定(ding)(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)器可(ke)由(you)(you)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器充(chong)當(dang)，或者由(you)(you)單片機承(cheng)擔其功(gong)能。這種方法簡單，但充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間不能根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)前狀(zhuang)態而自動調整，因此(ci)實(shi)際充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)能會出現有時(shi)(shi)(shi)欠充(chong)、有時(shi)(shi)(shi)過充(chong)的(de)(de)現象；
（2）電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)控制對Ni-cd電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)而(er)言，正常充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)變化并不明(ming)顯，但是(shi)，當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)過充(chong)時，其內部氣(qi)體壓(ya)力將迅速增大(da)，負極板上(shang)氧化反應使內部發(fa)熱，溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)迅速上(shang)升(sheng)（每分(fen)鐘可升(sheng)高幾個攝(she)氏度(du)(du)(du)）。因此，觀察(cha)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)的變化，即(ji)可判斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)否已經充(chong)滿。通常采用(yong)兩只熱敏(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)分(fen)別檢(jian)測電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)和環境溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)，當(dang)兩者溫(wen)差(cha)達到一定值時，即(ji)發(fa)出(chu)停充(chong)信號。由于熱敏(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)動態響應速度(du)(du)(du)較慢，故不能及時準確地檢(jian)測到電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的滿充(chong)狀態；
（3）電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)負增(zeng)(zeng)量控(kong)制(zhi)一般(ban)而(er)言，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)，其端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)將(jiang)呈現(xian)下降趨勢，據此可將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)出現(xian)負增(zeng)(zeng)長的時(shi)刻作為停(ting)充時(shi)刻。與溫度(du)控(kong)制(zhi)法相比，這種(zhong)方法響(xiang)應速度(du)快，此外，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的負增(zeng)(zeng)量與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的絕對值(zhi)無(wu)關，因(yin)此這種(zhong)停(ting)充控(kong)制(zhi)方法可適應具有不同單格電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)數的蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。此方法的缺點是一般(ban)的檢測器(qi)靈敏度(du)和(he)可靠性不高(gao)(gao)，同時(shi)，當環(huan)境溫度(du)較高(gao)(gao)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的減(jian)小并不明(ming)顯，因(yin)而(er)難以控(kong)制(zhi)。
當蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)足(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)后，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機必須適(shi)時地切斷充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，否(fou)則蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池將出現(xian)大量出氣、失水和溫升等過(guo)充(chong)(chong)反(fan)應，直接危及蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)使用壽命。因(yin)此，必須隨時監測蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀況，保(bao)證(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)足(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)而(er)又不過(guo)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。主要的(de)停充(chong)(chong)控制方(fang)法有：
（1）定(ding)(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)控(kong)制采用恒流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)法時(shi)(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)所(suo)需充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間可(ke)根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量和充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)大小(xiao)很容易地(di)確定(ding)(ding)，因此(ci)只要(yao)預先(xian)設定(ding)(ding)好充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間，一旦時(shi)(shi)(shi)間一到，定(ding)(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)器即(ji)可(ke)發出信號停(ting)充(chong)或降為(wei)涓流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。定(ding)(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)器可(ke)由(you)(you)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器充(chong)當(dang)，或者由(you)(you)單片機承(cheng)擔其功(gong)能。這種方法簡單，但充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間不能根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)前狀(zhuang)態而自動調整，因此(ci)實(shi)際充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)能會出現有時(shi)(shi)(shi)欠充(chong)、有時(shi)(shi)(shi)過充(chong)的(de)(de)現象；
（2）電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)控制對Ni-cd電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)而(er)言，正常充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)變化并不明(ming)顯，但是(shi)，當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)過充(chong)時，其內部氣(qi)體壓(ya)力將迅速增大(da)，負極板上(shang)氧化反應使內部發(fa)熱，溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)迅速上(shang)升(sheng)（每分(fen)鐘可升(sheng)高幾個攝(she)氏度(du)(du)(du)）。因此，觀察(cha)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)的變化，即(ji)可判斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)否已經充(chong)滿。通常采用(yong)兩只熱敏(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)分(fen)別檢(jian)測電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)和環境溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)，當(dang)兩者溫(wen)差(cha)達到一定值時，即(ji)發(fa)出(chu)停充(chong)信號。由于熱敏(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)動態響應速度(du)(du)(du)較慢，故不能及時準確地檢(jian)測到電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的滿充(chong)狀態；
（3）電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)負增(zeng)(zeng)量控(kong)制(zhi)一般(ban)而(er)言，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)，其端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)將(jiang)呈現(xian)下降趨勢，據此可將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)出現(xian)負增(zeng)(zeng)長的時(shi)刻作為停(ting)充時(shi)刻。與溫度(du)控(kong)制(zhi)法相比，這種(zhong)方法響(xiang)應速度(du)快，此外，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的負增(zeng)(zeng)量與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的絕對值(zhi)無(wu)關，因(yin)此這種(zhong)停(ting)充控(kong)制(zhi)方法可適應具有不同單格電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)數的蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。此方法的缺點是一般(ban)的檢測器(qi)靈敏度(du)和(he)可靠性不高(gao)(gao)，同時(shi)，當環(huan)境溫度(du)較高(gao)(gao)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的減(jian)小并不明(ming)顯，因(yin)而(er)難以控(kong)制(zhi)。
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