電力直流屏電池和充電系統的選擇
2019/6/10 14:32:13??????點擊：
電(dian)(dian)力直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)屏是(shi)高(gao)壓配(pei)電(dian)(dian)設備(bei)，是(shi)整個(ge)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)室(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)系(xi)(xi)統，有時候也可以根據情況配(pei)合交流(liu)(liu)(liu)屏使用(yong)(yong)，組(zu)成交直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統。直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)屏主要應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于大(da)型水力、火力發(fa)電(dian)(dian)廠，各類變電(dian)(dian)站和(he)其它使用(yong)(yong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)設備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)戶，給信(xin)號(hao)設備(bei)、保(bao)護(hu)、自動裝置(zhi)、事故照(zhao)明(ming)、應(ying)急(ji)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)及斷路器分、合閘操作提(ti)供(gong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)設備(bei)。直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)統是(shi)一個(ge)獨(du)立的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，不受發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)、廠用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)及系(xi)(xi)統運行方式的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)。在(zai)外部交流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)中斷情況下，蓄電(dian)(dian)池提(ti)供(gong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，把儲(chu)蓄在(zai)電(dian)(dian)池內的(de)(de)(de)(de)多余電(dian)(dian)量(liang)用(yong)(yong)來給高(gao)壓柜合閘分閘、保(bao)護(hu)設備(bei)、應(ying)急(ji)照(zhao)明(ming)系(xi)(xi)統等供(gong)電(dian)(dian)。直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)屏的(de)(de)(de)(de)可靠性(xing)和(he)安(an)全性(xing)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)接影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)到電(dian)(dian)力系(xi)(xi)統供(gong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)可靠性(xing)和(he)安(an)全性(xing)。因(yin)此(ci)，在(zai)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)屏的(de)(de)(de)(de)選擇上因(yin)從以下幾(ji)個(ge)方面著(zhu)手(shou)：
（1）蓄電池的選(xuan)擇
不間(jian)斷供電(dian)設備，直(zhi)流(liu)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)是核心部件。初期的直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)源系統大多使用普通鉛(qian)酸電(dian)池(chi)，其過載能力低，容(rong)易(yi)產生酸腐蝕等問題。逐(zhu)漸隨著人(ren)們對堿性(xing)鎘(ge)鎳電(dian)池(chi)的認(ren)識，以(yi)(yi)及和(he)原鉛(qian)酸電(dian)池(chi)做比較，總結得(de)出堿性(xing)鎘(ge)鎳電(dian)池(chi)有以(yi)(yi)下優點(dian):
1、良好(hao)的機械強度，體積較小(xiao)，能承受(shou)強大的沖(chong)擊和振動，不易損壞。
2、壓(ya)降小(xiao)，自放(fang)電引(yin)起的能量損(sun)失小(xiao)。
3、過(guo)放(fang)電能力(li)強，不會(hui)因(yin)為過(guo)充引起內部(bu)短路
4、放電(dian)電(dian)壓平(ping)穩，壽(shou)命長，若(ruo)合理(li)使(shi)用，可(ke)高達3000多個使(shi)用周期。
5、根據(ju)以上堿性(xing)鎘(ge)(ge)鎳電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)優(you)勢，直(zhi)流(liu)系統(tong)負載(zai)較重、過載(zai)可能大（如作為電(dian)(dian)磁操作機構的(de)操作電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)）、安裝(zhuang)地點(dian)環境良(liang)好(hao)、環境溫度(du)不高且具備(bei)較強維(wei)護(hu)力量的(de)情況(kuang)下，就可選用(yong)堿性(xing)鎘(ge)(ge)鑷電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。反(fan)之(zhi)，可選用(yong)免維(wei)護(hu)的(de)鉛(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。
（2）充電系統(tong)的選(xuan)擇
充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備方(fang)(fang)面，目(mu)前使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)較(jiao)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)控(kong)(kong)硅相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)分為主(zhu)充(chong)(chong)與浮充(chong)(chong)兩個階段(duan)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)分大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)強充(chong)(chong)和(he)涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)兩種方(fang)(fang)式。而(er)(er)控(kong)(kong)制方(fang)(fang)式常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)有熱(re)傳感器法(fa)(fa)、定時法(fa)(fa)、負序(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓斜率(lv)法(fa)(fa)、伏安法(fa)(fa)等(deng)。近年來眾多生產廠家對(dui)此(ci)類直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統，主(zhu)要(yao)在(zai)其(qi)(qi)控(kong)(kong)制技(ji)術(shu)上不(bu)(bu)斷改進，如(ru)(ru)集成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路技(ji)術(shu)、PLC技(ji)術(shu)、微(wei)機監控(kong)(kong)、"三遙"通訊等(deng)技(ji)術(shu)不(bu)(bu)斷融合其(qi)(qi)中，使(shi)(shi)相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)性(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)斷完善，因(yin)而(er)(er)目(mu)前此(ci)類直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)屏(ping)(ping)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統，其(qi)(qi)產品的(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)性(xing)(xing)與實用(yong)(yong)(yong)性(xing)(xing)基本能令(ling)人(ren)滿意。但相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機仍存在(zai)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓諧波(bo)(bo)大、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)紋波(bo)(bo)大，穩(wen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)精度較(jiao)難提高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)足。同時由于其(qi)(qi)一般最(zui)多采用(yong)(yong)(yong)主(zhu)從(cong)備份的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)式，在(zai)某些場合，系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)性(xing)(xing)仍令(ling)人(ren)感到(dao)美(mei)中不(bu)(bu)足。所以，國外在(zai)一些對(dui)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)要(yao)求較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)場合逐步(bu)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)一種較(jiao)為新(xin)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)頻開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，整體(ti)結構(gou)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)模塊組合方(fang)(fang)式，其(qi)(qi)模塊原理圖如(ru)(ru)下，即先(xian)將三相(xiang)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)為相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，再(zai)變換(huan)為高(gao)(gao)(gao)頻交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)頻交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)再(zai)經變壓器隔離、全(quan)橋整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)、濾波(bo)(bo)轉(zhuan)換(huan)為穩(wen)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)輸(shu)出。此(ci)種直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)大特點是(shi)穩(wen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)精度高(gao)(gao)(gao)，紋波(bo)(bo)較(jiao)小，諧波(bo)(bo)失真小，是(shi)一種高(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。在(zai)組成直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統時，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)N個單(dan)元模塊組合的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)式提供直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)輸(shu)出，因(yin)而(er)(er)備份程(cheng)度高(gao)(gao)(gao)，直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統整體(ti)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)性(xing)(xing)較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)。此(ci)類直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)目(mu)前國內已有廠家生產，但在(zai)整體(ti)外觀(guan)等(deng)方(fang)(fang)面略遜于傳統相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)屏(ping)(ping)，企業在(zai)選擇直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)時可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)進行(xing)比較(jiao)取舍。
（3)直流屏系統維護
鎘鎳(nie)電池在使用中應主要注意以下問題：
1）定期對電池(chi)組進行大功率(lv)的充、放電，以激活(huo)電池(chi)內部的化學物(wu)質，降低電池(chi)惰(duo)性，恢(hui)復(fu)電池(chi)容量。
2）經常檢查電池(chi)液位，在電池(chi)滿容(rong)量(liang)時對過(guo)高、過(guo)低的電池(chi)液位及時進行(xing)調整。
3）定期(qi)檢(jian)查電(dian)(dian)池(chi)溶(rong)液濃度，發(fa)現比重(zhong)變化(hua)時予以補堿(jian)液或加水，必要(yao)時重(zhong)新配制電(dian)(dian)解液。
4）定期逐(zhu)個檢查電(dian)池端電(dian)壓(ya)，對個別電(dian)壓(ya)下降(jiang)較大的(de)電(dian)池，單獨進行"活化"處理。
5）注意(yi)電池(chi)環境溫(wen)度，最(zui)好使電池(chi)在40℃以下溫(wen)度運行，以免(mian)加劇電池(chi)的自(zi)放電，引起電池(chi)容量(liang)下降。
6）保持(chi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)清潔及(ji)環境干(gan)爽，以免發生電(dian)(dian)池(chi)爬堿，導(dao)致電(dian)(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量下降和引(yin)起直(zhi)流系統絕緣降低(di)。平時(shi)及(ji)檢修時(shi)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)外(wai)溢的(de)堿液應及(ji)時(shi)用干(gan)布擦凈，切不
可用水沖洗(xi)電池外部。
與鎘(ge)鎳電(dian)池(chi)相比，免維(wei)護鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)的維(wei)護運(yun)行中維(wei)護工作量較(jiao)小，平時(shi)只(zhi)需注(zhu)意檢(jian)查電(dian)池(chi)各連(lian)接完(wan)好，保(bao)持連(lian)接無(wu)銹蝕(shi)(shi)、腐蝕(shi)(shi)；觀察電(dian)池(chi)是否出(chu)現(xian)漲肚、變(bian)形；密封(feng)閥是否完(wan)好；電(dian)極(ji)柱有(you)無(wu)熔融跡象(xiang)；以及(ji)保(bao)持電(dian)池(chi)清潔干燥等(deng)等(deng)。同時(shi)定期檢(jian)查電(dian)池(chi)單體(ti)端電(dian)壓，及(ji)時(shi)發現(xian)處理失效電(dian)池(chi)。
（1）蓄電池的選(xuan)擇
不間(jian)斷供電(dian)設備，直(zhi)流(liu)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)是核心部件。初期的直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)源系統大多使用普通鉛(qian)酸電(dian)池(chi)，其過載能力低，容(rong)易(yi)產生酸腐蝕等問題。逐(zhu)漸隨著人(ren)們對堿性(xing)鎘(ge)鎳電(dian)池(chi)的認(ren)識，以(yi)(yi)及和(he)原鉛(qian)酸電(dian)池(chi)做比較，總結得(de)出堿性(xing)鎘(ge)鎳電(dian)池(chi)有以(yi)(yi)下優點(dian):
1、良好(hao)的機械強度，體積較小(xiao)，能承受(shou)強大的沖(chong)擊和振動，不易損壞。
2、壓(ya)降小(xiao)，自放(fang)電引(yin)起的能量損(sun)失小(xiao)。
3、過(guo)放(fang)電能力(li)強，不會(hui)因(yin)為過(guo)充引起內部(bu)短路
4、放電(dian)電(dian)壓平(ping)穩，壽(shou)命長，若(ruo)合理(li)使(shi)用，可(ke)高達3000多個使(shi)用周期。
5、根據(ju)以上堿性(xing)鎘(ge)(ge)鎳電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)優(you)勢，直(zhi)流(liu)系統(tong)負載(zai)較重、過載(zai)可能大（如作為電(dian)(dian)磁操作機構的(de)操作電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)）、安裝(zhuang)地點(dian)環境良(liang)好(hao)、環境溫度(du)不高且具備(bei)較強維(wei)護(hu)力量的(de)情況(kuang)下，就可選用(yong)堿性(xing)鎘(ge)(ge)鑷電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。反(fan)之(zhi)，可選用(yong)免維(wei)護(hu)的(de)鉛(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。
（2）充電系統(tong)的選(xuan)擇
充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備方(fang)(fang)面，目(mu)前使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)較(jiao)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)控(kong)(kong)硅相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)分為主(zhu)充(chong)(chong)與浮充(chong)(chong)兩個階段(duan)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)分大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)強充(chong)(chong)和(he)涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)兩種方(fang)(fang)式。而(er)(er)控(kong)(kong)制方(fang)(fang)式常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)有熱(re)傳感器法(fa)(fa)、定時法(fa)(fa)、負序(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓斜率(lv)法(fa)(fa)、伏安法(fa)(fa)等(deng)。近年來眾多生產廠家對(dui)此(ci)類直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統，主(zhu)要(yao)在(zai)其(qi)(qi)控(kong)(kong)制技(ji)術(shu)上不(bu)(bu)斷改進，如(ru)(ru)集成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路技(ji)術(shu)、PLC技(ji)術(shu)、微(wei)機監控(kong)(kong)、"三遙"通訊等(deng)技(ji)術(shu)不(bu)(bu)斷融合其(qi)(qi)中，使(shi)(shi)相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)性(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)斷完善，因(yin)而(er)(er)目(mu)前此(ci)類直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)屏(ping)(ping)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統，其(qi)(qi)產品的(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)性(xing)(xing)與實用(yong)(yong)(yong)性(xing)(xing)基本能令(ling)人(ren)滿意。但相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機仍存在(zai)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓諧波(bo)(bo)大、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)紋波(bo)(bo)大，穩(wen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)精度較(jiao)難提高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)足。同時由于其(qi)(qi)一般最(zui)多采用(yong)(yong)(yong)主(zhu)從(cong)備份的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)式，在(zai)某些場合，系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)性(xing)(xing)仍令(ling)人(ren)感到(dao)美(mei)中不(bu)(bu)足。所以，國外在(zai)一些對(dui)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)要(yao)求較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)場合逐步(bu)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)一種較(jiao)為新(xin)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)頻開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，整體(ti)結構(gou)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)模塊組合方(fang)(fang)式，其(qi)(qi)模塊原理圖如(ru)(ru)下，即先(xian)將三相(xiang)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)為相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，再(zai)變換(huan)為高(gao)(gao)(gao)頻交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)頻交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)再(zai)經變壓器隔離、全(quan)橋整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)、濾波(bo)(bo)轉(zhuan)換(huan)為穩(wen)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)輸(shu)出。此(ci)種直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)大特點是(shi)穩(wen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)精度高(gao)(gao)(gao)，紋波(bo)(bo)較(jiao)小，諧波(bo)(bo)失真小，是(shi)一種高(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。在(zai)組成直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統時，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)N個單(dan)元模塊組合的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)式提供直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)輸(shu)出，因(yin)而(er)(er)備份程(cheng)度高(gao)(gao)(gao)，直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統整體(ti)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)性(xing)(xing)較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)。此(ci)類直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)目(mu)前國內已有廠家生產，但在(zai)整體(ti)外觀(guan)等(deng)方(fang)(fang)面略遜于傳統相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)屏(ping)(ping)，企業在(zai)選擇直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)時可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)進行(xing)比較(jiao)取舍。
（3)直流屏系統維護
鎘鎳(nie)電池在使用中應主要注意以下問題：
1）定期對電池(chi)組進行大功率(lv)的充、放電，以激活(huo)電池(chi)內部的化學物(wu)質，降低電池(chi)惰(duo)性，恢(hui)復(fu)電池(chi)容量。
2）經常檢查電池(chi)液位，在電池(chi)滿容(rong)量(liang)時對過(guo)高、過(guo)低的電池(chi)液位及時進行(xing)調整。
3）定期(qi)檢(jian)查電(dian)(dian)池(chi)溶(rong)液濃度，發(fa)現比重(zhong)變化(hua)時予以補堿(jian)液或加水，必要(yao)時重(zhong)新配制電(dian)(dian)解液。
4）定期逐(zhu)個檢查電(dian)池端電(dian)壓(ya)，對個別電(dian)壓(ya)下降(jiang)較大的(de)電(dian)池，單獨進行"活化"處理。
5）注意(yi)電池(chi)環境溫(wen)度，最(zui)好使電池(chi)在40℃以下溫(wen)度運行，以免(mian)加劇電池(chi)的自(zi)放電，引起電池(chi)容量(liang)下降。
6）保持(chi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)清潔及(ji)環境干(gan)爽，以免發生電(dian)(dian)池(chi)爬堿，導(dao)致電(dian)(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量下降和引(yin)起直(zhi)流系統絕緣降低(di)。平時(shi)及(ji)檢修時(shi)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)外(wai)溢的(de)堿液應及(ji)時(shi)用干(gan)布擦凈，切不
可用水沖洗(xi)電池外部。
與鎘(ge)鎳電(dian)池(chi)相比，免維(wei)護鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)的維(wei)護運(yun)行中維(wei)護工作量較(jiao)小，平時(shi)只(zhi)需注(zhu)意檢(jian)查電(dian)池(chi)各連(lian)接完(wan)好，保(bao)持連(lian)接無(wu)銹蝕(shi)(shi)、腐蝕(shi)(shi)；觀察電(dian)池(chi)是否出(chu)現(xian)漲肚、變(bian)形；密封(feng)閥是否完(wan)好；電(dian)極(ji)柱有(you)無(wu)熔融跡象(xiang)；以及(ji)保(bao)持電(dian)池(chi)清潔干燥等(deng)等(deng)。同時(shi)定期檢(jian)查電(dian)池(chi)單體(ti)端電(dian)壓，及(ji)時(shi)發現(xian)處理失效電(dian)池(chi)。
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