電力直流屏電池和充電系統的選擇
2019/6/10 14:32:13??????點擊：
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)屏(ping)(ping)是高壓配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備，是整個(ge)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)室(shi)的(de)(de)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，有(you)時(shi)候也可以根據情況配合交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)屏(ping)(ping)使用(yong)(yong)，組成交直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)。直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)屏(ping)(ping)主要應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)大型水力(li)、火力(li)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)，各類變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站和其它使用(yong)(yong)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)設備的(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)戶，給(gei)信號設備、保護(hu)、自(zi)動裝置(zhi)、事(shi)故照明(ming)、應急電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)及(ji)斷路器(qi)分(fen)、合閘操作提(ti)供直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)設備。直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)是一個(ge)獨立的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，不受(shou)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機、廠(chang)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及(ji)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)運(yun)行方(fang)式的(de)(de)影響(xiang)。在(zai)(zai)外部交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)中斷情況下，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池提(ti)供直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，把(ba)儲蓄在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池內的(de)(de)多余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量用(yong)(yong)來給(gei)高壓柜合閘分(fen)閘、保護(hu)設備、應急照明(ming)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)等供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)屏(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)可靠性和安全(quan)性直(zhi)接影響(xiang)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)可靠性和安全(quan)性。因此(ci)，在(zai)(zai)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)屏(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)選擇上因從以下幾個(ge)方(fang)面(mian)著(zhu)手：
（1）蓄電池的選擇
不間斷供電(dian)設備(bei)，直流蓄電(dian)池(chi)是核心(xin)部(bu)件。初期的直流電(dian)源系統(tong)大多使用(yong)普通鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)，其過載能力(li)低，容易(yi)產(chan)生酸腐(fu)蝕等問題。逐漸(jian)隨(sui)著人們對堿性(xing)鎘鎳電(dian)池(chi)的認識，以(yi)(yi)及和(he)原(yuan)鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)做(zuo)比較，總結得(de)出堿性(xing)鎘鎳電(dian)池(chi)有(you)以(yi)(yi)下優點:
1、良(liang)好的機械(xie)強度，體積較(jiao)小(xiao)，能(neng)承(cheng)受(shou)強大的沖(chong)擊(ji)和振(zhen)動(dong)，不易損(sun)壞(huai)。
2、壓降小，自放電引起(qi)的(de)能量損失小。
3、過放電能力強(qiang)，不會(hui)因為過充引起內部(bu)短路
4、放電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)平穩(wen)，壽命長，若合(he)理使(shi)用，可高(gao)達3000多個使(shi)用周(zhou)期。
5、根據以上堿性鎘(ge)鎳電(dian)(dian)池的優勢，直流系統負載較重、過載可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)大(da)（如作為電(dian)(dian)磁操作機構的操作電(dian)(dian)源）、安裝(zhuang)地點環(huan)境(jing)良(liang)好、環(huan)境(jing)溫度不高且(qie)具備較強維(wei)護(hu)力量(liang)的情況下，就可(ke)(ke)(ke)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)堿性鎘(ge)鑷電(dian)(dian)池。反之，可(ke)(ke)(ke)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)免(mian)維(wei)護(hu)的鉛酸電(dian)(dian)池。
（2）充電系統的選擇
充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備(bei)(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)，目(mu)前使(shi)用(yong)較多的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)可(ke)(ke)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)硅相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)分為主充與(yu)浮充兩個階段(duan)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)分大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)強充和涓流(liu)(liu)兩種(zhong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)。而控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)有熱傳(chuan)感器法(fa)、定時(shi)法(fa)、負序電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)斜率法(fa)、伏安法(fa)等(deng)。近年來眾多生產廠家(jia)對(dui)此類直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)統，主要在(zai)(zai)(zai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)技術上(shang)不斷(duan)改進(jin)，如集(ji)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路技術、PLC技術、微(wei)機監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)、"三遙"通訊等(deng)技術不斷(duan)融合(he)其(qi)(qi)(qi)中，使(shi)相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備(bei)(bei)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性不斷(duan)完善，因而目(mu)前此類直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)屏系(xi)(xi)統，其(qi)(qi)(qi)產品的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性與(yu)實(shi)用(yong)性基本(ben)能(neng)令(ling)人(ren)滿意。但相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機仍存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)諧波(bo)(bo)大、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)紋波(bo)(bo)大，穩(wen)流(liu)(liu)精度較難提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)不足。同時(shi)由(you)于其(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)般最(zui)(zui)多采(cai)用(yong)主從備(bei)(bei)份的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)某些場合(he)，系(xi)(xi)統可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性仍令(ling)人(ren)感到美中不足。所以，國(guo)外在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)些對(dui)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源要求較高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)場合(he)逐步(bu)采(cai)用(yong)一(yi)種(zhong)較為新型的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)頻(pin)開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，整(zheng)體結構采(cai)用(yong)模(mo)塊組(zu)合(he)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)模(mo)塊原理圖如下，即(ji)先將三相(xiang)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)為相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)，再(zai)變換為高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)頻(pin)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)頻(pin)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)再(zai)經變壓(ya)器隔離、全橋整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)、濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)轉(zhuan)換為穩(wen)定的(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸(shu)出(chu)。此種(zhong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)大特(te)點是(shi)穩(wen)流(liu)(liu)精度高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，紋波(bo)(bo)較小，諧波(bo)(bo)失真(zhen)小，是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)質量的(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。在(zai)(zai)(zai)組(zu)成直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)統時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)采(cai)用(yong)N個單(dan)元模(mo)塊組(zu)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)提供直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸(shu)出(chu)，因而備(bei)(bei)份程度高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)統整(zheng)體可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性較高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。此類直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源目(mu)前國(guo)內(nei)已有廠家(jia)生產，但在(zai)(zai)(zai)整(zheng)體外觀(guan)等(deng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)略遜于傳(chuan)統相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)屏，企(qi)業在(zai)(zai)(zai)選(xuan)擇直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源時(shi)可(ke)(ke)進(jin)行(xing)比較取舍。
（3)直流(liu)屏系統(tong)維護
鎘鎳電池在使用中應主要(yao)注意以下(xia)問題：
1）定期對電(dian)池組進行大功率的充、放電(dian)，以激活(huo)電(dian)池內(nei)部的化學物(wu)質，降(jiang)低電(dian)池惰性，恢復電(dian)池容量。
2）經常檢查(cha)電(dian)池(chi)液(ye)位，在電(dian)池(chi)滿容量時(shi)對過高、過低的電(dian)池(chi)液(ye)位及(ji)時(shi)進(jin)行調(diao)整。
3）定(ding)期檢(jian)查電池溶液(ye)濃(nong)度，發現比重(zhong)變(bian)化時予(yu)以補堿(jian)液(ye)或加水，必要(yao)時重(zhong)新配制電解(jie)液(ye)。
4）定(ding)期逐個(ge)檢查電(dian)池(chi)(chi)端(duan)電(dian)壓，對個(ge)別電(dian)壓下降較大的電(dian)池(chi)(chi)，單獨(du)進行"活化"處理。
5）注(zhu)意電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)環境溫(wen)度(du)，最(zui)好使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在40℃以下溫(wen)度(du)運行，以免加劇(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)自放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，引(yin)起電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量下降。
6）保持電池清潔及環境干(gan)爽，以(yi)免發生(sheng)電池爬堿(jian)，導致電池容(rong)量下降(jiang)和(he)引起直流系(xi)統絕緣降(jiang)低。平時及檢(jian)修(xiu)時對電池外溢的堿(jian)液(ye)應及時用干(gan)布擦凈，切(qie)不
可(ke)用水沖洗電池外部(bu)。
與鎘鎳電(dian)池(chi)相比，免維(wei)護鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)的維(wei)護運行中維(wei)護工作(zuo)量較小，平(ping)時(shi)只需注意(yi)檢查電(dian)池(chi)各連(lian)接(jie)完好，保(bao)持連(lian)接(jie)無(wu)銹蝕、腐蝕；觀察電(dian)池(chi)是(shi)否出現(xian)漲肚、變(bian)形；密(mi)封閥是(shi)否完好；電(dian)極(ji)柱(zhu)有無(wu)熔融跡象；以及(ji)保(bao)持電(dian)池(chi)清(qing)潔干(gan)燥(zao)等(deng)等(deng)。同時(shi)定期檢查電(dian)池(chi)單體端(duan)電(dian)壓(ya)，及(ji)時(shi)發(fa)現(xian)處理失效電(dian)池(chi)。
（1）蓄電池的選擇
不間斷供電(dian)設備(bei)，直流蓄電(dian)池(chi)是核心(xin)部(bu)件。初期的直流電(dian)源系統(tong)大多使用(yong)普通鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)，其過載能力(li)低，容易(yi)產(chan)生酸腐(fu)蝕等問題。逐漸(jian)隨(sui)著人們對堿性(xing)鎘鎳電(dian)池(chi)的認識，以(yi)(yi)及和(he)原(yuan)鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)做(zuo)比較，總結得(de)出堿性(xing)鎘鎳電(dian)池(chi)有(you)以(yi)(yi)下優點:
1、良(liang)好的機械(xie)強度，體積較(jiao)小(xiao)，能(neng)承(cheng)受(shou)強大的沖(chong)擊(ji)和振(zhen)動(dong)，不易損(sun)壞(huai)。
2、壓降小，自放電引起(qi)的(de)能量損失小。
3、過放電能力強(qiang)，不會(hui)因為過充引起內部(bu)短路
4、放電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)平穩(wen)，壽命長，若合(he)理使(shi)用，可高(gao)達3000多個使(shi)用周(zhou)期。
5、根據以上堿性鎘(ge)鎳電(dian)(dian)池的優勢，直流系統負載較重、過載可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)大(da)（如作為電(dian)(dian)磁操作機構的操作電(dian)(dian)源）、安裝(zhuang)地點環(huan)境(jing)良(liang)好、環(huan)境(jing)溫度不高且(qie)具備較強維(wei)護(hu)力量(liang)的情況下，就可(ke)(ke)(ke)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)堿性鎘(ge)鑷電(dian)(dian)池。反之，可(ke)(ke)(ke)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)免(mian)維(wei)護(hu)的鉛酸電(dian)(dian)池。
（2）充電系統的選擇
充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備(bei)(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)，目(mu)前使(shi)用(yong)較多的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)可(ke)(ke)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)硅相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)分為主充與(yu)浮充兩個階段(duan)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)分大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)強充和涓流(liu)(liu)兩種(zhong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)。而控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)有熱傳(chuan)感器法(fa)、定時(shi)法(fa)、負序電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)斜率法(fa)、伏安法(fa)等(deng)。近年來眾多生產廠家(jia)對(dui)此類直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)統，主要在(zai)(zai)(zai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)技術上(shang)不斷(duan)改進(jin)，如集(ji)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路技術、PLC技術、微(wei)機監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)、"三遙"通訊等(deng)技術不斷(duan)融合(he)其(qi)(qi)(qi)中，使(shi)相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備(bei)(bei)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性不斷(duan)完善，因而目(mu)前此類直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)屏系(xi)(xi)統，其(qi)(qi)(qi)產品的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性與(yu)實(shi)用(yong)性基本(ben)能(neng)令(ling)人(ren)滿意。但相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機仍存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)諧波(bo)(bo)大、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)紋波(bo)(bo)大，穩(wen)流(liu)(liu)精度較難提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)不足。同時(shi)由(you)于其(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)般最(zui)(zui)多采(cai)用(yong)主從備(bei)(bei)份的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)某些場合(he)，系(xi)(xi)統可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性仍令(ling)人(ren)感到美中不足。所以，國(guo)外在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)些對(dui)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源要求較高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)場合(he)逐步(bu)采(cai)用(yong)一(yi)種(zhong)較為新型的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)頻(pin)開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，整(zheng)體結構采(cai)用(yong)模(mo)塊組(zu)合(he)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)模(mo)塊原理圖如下，即(ji)先將三相(xiang)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)為相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)，再(zai)變換為高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)頻(pin)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)頻(pin)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)再(zai)經變壓(ya)器隔離、全橋整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)、濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)轉(zhuan)換為穩(wen)定的(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸(shu)出(chu)。此種(zhong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)大特(te)點是(shi)穩(wen)流(liu)(liu)精度高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，紋波(bo)(bo)較小，諧波(bo)(bo)失真(zhen)小，是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)質量的(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。在(zai)(zai)(zai)組(zu)成直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)統時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)采(cai)用(yong)N個單(dan)元模(mo)塊組(zu)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)提供直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸(shu)出(chu)，因而備(bei)(bei)份程度高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)統整(zheng)體可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性較高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。此類直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源目(mu)前國(guo)內(nei)已有廠家(jia)生產，但在(zai)(zai)(zai)整(zheng)體外觀(guan)等(deng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)略遜于傳(chuan)統相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)屏，企(qi)業在(zai)(zai)(zai)選(xuan)擇直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源時(shi)可(ke)(ke)進(jin)行(xing)比較取舍。
（3)直流(liu)屏系統(tong)維護
鎘鎳電池在使用中應主要(yao)注意以下(xia)問題：
1）定期對電(dian)池組進行大功率的充、放電(dian)，以激活(huo)電(dian)池內(nei)部的化學物(wu)質，降(jiang)低電(dian)池惰性，恢復電(dian)池容量。
2）經常檢查(cha)電(dian)池(chi)液(ye)位，在電(dian)池(chi)滿容量時(shi)對過高、過低的電(dian)池(chi)液(ye)位及(ji)時(shi)進(jin)行調(diao)整。
3）定(ding)期檢(jian)查電池溶液(ye)濃(nong)度，發現比重(zhong)變(bian)化時予(yu)以補堿(jian)液(ye)或加水，必要(yao)時重(zhong)新配制電解(jie)液(ye)。
4）定(ding)期逐個(ge)檢查電(dian)池(chi)(chi)端(duan)電(dian)壓，對個(ge)別電(dian)壓下降較大的電(dian)池(chi)(chi)，單獨(du)進行"活化"處理。
5）注(zhu)意電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)環境溫(wen)度(du)，最(zui)好使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在40℃以下溫(wen)度(du)運行，以免加劇(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)自放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，引(yin)起電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量下降。
6）保持電池清潔及環境干(gan)爽，以(yi)免發生(sheng)電池爬堿(jian)，導致電池容(rong)量下降(jiang)和(he)引起直流系(xi)統絕緣降(jiang)低。平時及檢(jian)修(xiu)時對電池外溢的堿(jian)液(ye)應及時用干(gan)布擦凈，切(qie)不
可(ke)用水沖洗電池外部(bu)。
與鎘鎳電(dian)池(chi)相比，免維(wei)護鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)的維(wei)護運行中維(wei)護工作(zuo)量較小，平(ping)時(shi)只需注意(yi)檢查電(dian)池(chi)各連(lian)接(jie)完好，保(bao)持連(lian)接(jie)無(wu)銹蝕、腐蝕；觀察電(dian)池(chi)是(shi)否出現(xian)漲肚、變(bian)形；密(mi)封閥是(shi)否完好；電(dian)極(ji)柱(zhu)有無(wu)熔融跡象；以及(ji)保(bao)持電(dian)池(chi)清(qing)潔干(gan)燥(zao)等(deng)等(deng)。同時(shi)定期檢查電(dian)池(chi)單體端(duan)電(dian)壓(ya)，及(ji)時(shi)發(fa)現(xian)處理失效電(dian)池(chi)。
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