電力直流屏電池和充電系統的選擇
2019/6/10 14:32:13??????點擊：
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)屏(ping)(ping)是高(gao)壓配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)，是整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)室的直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源系統(tong)(tong)，有時候也可(ke)以根據情(qing)況配合交(jiao)流(liu)屏(ping)(ping)使(shi)用(yong)，組(zu)成交(jiao)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)。直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)屏(ping)(ping)主(zhu)要應用(yong)于大型水力(li)、火力(li)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠，各類(lei)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站和其它使(shi)用(yong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)設(she)(she)備(bei)的用(yong)戶，給信(xin)號設(she)(she)備(bei)、保護、自動(dong)裝置(zhi)、事故照明(ming)、應急電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源及斷路器(qi)分(fen)、合閘(zha)操作提供(gong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源設(she)(she)備(bei)。直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)系統(tong)(tong)是一個(ge)(ge)獨立的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，不受(shou)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機、廠用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及系統(tong)(tong)運行(xing)方(fang)式的影(ying)響(xiang)。在(zai)外部交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源中斷情(qing)況下，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池提供(gong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，把儲蓄在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池內(nei)的多余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量用(yong)來給高(gao)壓柜(ju)合閘(zha)分(fen)閘(zha)、保護設(she)(she)備(bei)、應急照明(ming)系統(tong)(tong)等供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)屏(ping)(ping)的可(ke)靠性(xing)(xing)和安全性(xing)(xing)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)接影(ying)響(xiang)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統(tong)(tong)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的可(ke)靠性(xing)(xing)和安全性(xing)(xing)。因(yin)此，在(zai)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)屏(ping)(ping)的選擇上因(yin)從以下幾個(ge)(ge)方(fang)面著手：
（1）蓄電池的選擇(ze)
不間斷(duan)供電(dian)設備，直流(liu)(liu)蓄電(dian)池(chi)是核心部件。初期的直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)源系統大多(duo)使用普(pu)通鉛(qian)酸電(dian)池(chi)，其過(guo)載能力低，容易產(chan)生酸腐蝕等問題。逐(zhu)漸(jian)隨著人們(men)對堿性鎘鎳電(dian)池(chi)的認識(shi)，以(yi)及和(he)原(yuan)鉛(qian)酸電(dian)池(chi)做比較，總結得出堿性鎘鎳電(dian)池(chi)有以(yi)下優點(dian):
1、良(liang)好的機械強度(du)，體積較(jiao)小(xiao)，能(neng)承受強大(da)的沖(chong)擊和(he)振動(dong)，不(bu)易(yi)損壞。
2、壓降(jiang)小，自放電引起的(de)能量損失小。
3、過放電能力強，不會因(yin)為過充引起內部短路(lu)
4、放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)壓平穩，壽命長，若(ruo)合理使用，可高達3000多個使用周(zhou)期。
5、根據以上(shang)堿性鎘鎳(nie)電池的(de)(de)優(you)勢，直流系(xi)統負載較重、過載可能大（如作(zuo)為(wei)電磁操(cao)作(zuo)機(ji)構的(de)(de)操(cao)作(zuo)電源）、安(an)裝地點環境良好(hao)、環境溫度不高且具備較強(qiang)維(wei)護力量的(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下，就可選(xuan)用堿性鎘鑷電池。反之(zhi)，可選(xuan)用免維(wei)護的(de)(de)鉛酸電池。
（2）充(chong)電系統(tong)的選擇
充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)方(fang)面，目(mu)前使用(yong)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)多的(de)是(shi)可控(kong)(kong)硅相控(kong)(kong)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)主充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)與浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)兩(liang)個階段，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)分(fen)(fen)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)強充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)和涓流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)式。而控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)方(fang)式常見(jian)的(de)有熱傳(chuan)感器法(fa)、定時法(fa)、負序電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓斜率法(fa)、伏安法(fa)等(deng)(deng)。近年來眾多生(sheng)產廠(chang)家對此(ci)類(lei)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，主要在(zai)其控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)技術(shu)上不斷(duan)改進(jin)，如(ru)集成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)技術(shu)、PLC技術(shu)、微機(ji)監控(kong)(kong)、"三(san)遙"通訊等(deng)(deng)技術(shu)不斷(duan)融合(he)其中(zhong)，使相控(kong)(kong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)可靠(kao)(kao)性不斷(duan)完善，因而目(mu)前此(ci)類(lei)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)屏系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，其產品的(de)可靠(kao)(kao)性與實用(yong)性基本能(neng)令人滿意(yi)。但相控(kong)(kong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)仍存在(zai)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓諧波(bo)(bo)大、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)紋波(bo)(bo)大，穩流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)精度較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)難(nan)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)不足。同時由于其一般最多采(cai)用(yong)主從備(bei)份(fen)的(de)方(fang)式，在(zai)某些場合(he)，系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)可靠(kao)(kao)性仍令人感到(dao)美中(zhong)不足。所以，國(guo)外(wai)在(zai)一些對直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)要求較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)場合(he)逐步采(cai)用(yong)一種(zhong)(zhong)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)新型的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)頻開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，整體結構(gou)采(cai)用(yong)模(mo)塊(kuai)組(zu)合(he)方(fang)式，其模(mo)塊(kuai)原理圖(tu)如(ru)下，即(ji)先(xian)將三(san)相交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)為(wei)相控(kong)(kong)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，再變換(huan)為(wei)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)頻交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)頻交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)再經(jing)變壓器隔離、全橋(qiao)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)、濾波(bo)(bo)轉換(huan)為(wei)穩定的(de)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)輸出(chu)。此(ci)種(zhong)(zhong)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)最大特點是(shi)穩流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)精度高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，紋波(bo)(bo)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)，諧波(bo)(bo)失真小(xiao)，是(shi)一種(zhong)(zhong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。在(zai)組(zu)成直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)時，可采(cai)用(yong)N個單元模(mo)塊(kuai)組(zu)合(he)的(de)方(fang)式提供直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)輸出(chu)，因而備(bei)份(fen)程度高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)整體可靠(kao)(kao)性較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。此(ci)類(lei)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)目(mu)前國(guo)內已有廠(chang)家生(sheng)產，但在(zai)整體外(wai)觀(guan)等(deng)(deng)方(fang)面略(lve)遜于傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)相控(kong)(kong)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)屏，企業(ye)在(zai)選擇直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)時可進(jin)行(xing)比較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)取舍。
（3)直(zhi)流(liu)屏(ping)系統維護
鎘(ge)鎳電池在使(shi)用(yong)中(zhong)應(ying)主要注(zhu)意以(yi)下問題：
1）定期對電池(chi)組進(jin)行大功率的(de)充(chong)、放(fang)電，以激活電池(chi)內部(bu)的(de)化學(xue)物質，降低(di)電池(chi)惰性，恢復(fu)電池(chi)容量。
2）經常(chang)檢查電(dian)池液位(wei)，在電(dian)池滿(man)容量時對過高(gao)、過低的(de)電(dian)池液位(wei)及時進行(xing)調整(zheng)。
3）定期檢查電(dian)池溶液濃度(du)，發現比重變化(hua)時(shi)予以補堿液或加水(shui)，必(bi)要時(shi)重新配制電(dian)解(jie)液。
4）定期逐個檢查電池端電壓，對個別電壓下(xia)降較大的電池，單獨進行"活(huo)化"處理。
5）注意電(dian)池環(huan)境溫度(du)，最好使電(dian)池在40℃以(yi)下溫度(du)運行，以(yi)免加劇(ju)電(dian)池的自放電(dian)，引(yin)起電(dian)池容量(liang)下降。
6）保持電池清潔及(ji)環境干(gan)爽(shuang)，以免發生電池爬堿(jian)(jian)，導(dao)致電池容量下降和(he)引起直(zhi)流系統(tong)絕緣降低(di)。平時(shi)及(ji)檢修時(shi)對電池外溢的堿(jian)(jian)液應及(ji)時(shi)用干(gan)布擦(ca)凈，切不(bu)
可用水沖(chong)洗電池外部。
與鎘(ge)鎳(nie)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)相比，免維護(hu)鉛酸電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的維護(hu)運(yun)行中維護(hu)工作量較(jiao)小，平時(shi)(shi)只需(xu)注意(yi)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)各連接完(wan)好，保持(chi)連接無(wu)銹(xiu)蝕(shi)、腐蝕(shi)；觀察電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)是否(fou)出(chu)現漲肚、變形；密(mi)封(feng)閥是否(fou)完(wan)好；電(dian)(dian)極(ji)柱有無(wu)熔融跡象(xiang)；以及(ji)保持(chi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)清潔干燥等(deng)等(deng)。同時(shi)(shi)定期(qi)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單體端電(dian)(dian)壓，及(ji)時(shi)(shi)發現處理失效電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。
（1）蓄電池的選擇(ze)
不間斷(duan)供電(dian)設備，直流(liu)(liu)蓄電(dian)池(chi)是核心部件。初期的直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)源系統大多(duo)使用普(pu)通鉛(qian)酸電(dian)池(chi)，其過(guo)載能力低，容易產(chan)生酸腐蝕等問題。逐(zhu)漸(jian)隨著人們(men)對堿性鎘鎳電(dian)池(chi)的認識(shi)，以(yi)及和(he)原(yuan)鉛(qian)酸電(dian)池(chi)做比較，總結得出堿性鎘鎳電(dian)池(chi)有以(yi)下優點(dian):
1、良(liang)好的機械強度(du)，體積較(jiao)小(xiao)，能(neng)承受強大(da)的沖(chong)擊和(he)振動(dong)，不(bu)易(yi)損壞。
2、壓降(jiang)小，自放電引起的(de)能量損失小。
3、過放電能力強，不會因(yin)為過充引起內部短路(lu)
4、放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)壓平穩，壽命長，若(ruo)合理使用，可高達3000多個使用周(zhou)期。
5、根據以上(shang)堿性鎘鎳(nie)電池的(de)(de)優(you)勢，直流系(xi)統負載較重、過載可能大（如作(zuo)為(wei)電磁操(cao)作(zuo)機(ji)構的(de)(de)操(cao)作(zuo)電源）、安(an)裝地點環境良好(hao)、環境溫度不高且具備較強(qiang)維(wei)護力量的(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下，就可選(xuan)用堿性鎘鑷電池。反之(zhi)，可選(xuan)用免維(wei)護的(de)(de)鉛酸電池。
（2）充(chong)電系統(tong)的選擇
充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)方(fang)面，目(mu)前使用(yong)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)多的(de)是(shi)可控(kong)(kong)硅相控(kong)(kong)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)主充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)與浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)兩(liang)個階段，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)分(fen)(fen)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)強充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)和涓流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)式。而控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)方(fang)式常見(jian)的(de)有熱傳(chuan)感器法(fa)、定時法(fa)、負序電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓斜率法(fa)、伏安法(fa)等(deng)(deng)。近年來眾多生(sheng)產廠(chang)家對此(ci)類(lei)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，主要在(zai)其控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)技術(shu)上不斷(duan)改進(jin)，如(ru)集成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)技術(shu)、PLC技術(shu)、微機(ji)監控(kong)(kong)、"三(san)遙"通訊等(deng)(deng)技術(shu)不斷(duan)融合(he)其中(zhong)，使相控(kong)(kong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)可靠(kao)(kao)性不斷(duan)完善，因而目(mu)前此(ci)類(lei)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)屏系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，其產品的(de)可靠(kao)(kao)性與實用(yong)性基本能(neng)令人滿意(yi)。但相控(kong)(kong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)仍存在(zai)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓諧波(bo)(bo)大、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)紋波(bo)(bo)大，穩流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)精度較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)難(nan)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)不足。同時由于其一般最多采(cai)用(yong)主從備(bei)份(fen)的(de)方(fang)式，在(zai)某些場合(he)，系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)可靠(kao)(kao)性仍令人感到(dao)美中(zhong)不足。所以，國(guo)外(wai)在(zai)一些對直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)要求較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)場合(he)逐步采(cai)用(yong)一種(zhong)(zhong)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)新型的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)頻開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，整體結構(gou)采(cai)用(yong)模(mo)塊(kuai)組(zu)合(he)方(fang)式，其模(mo)塊(kuai)原理圖(tu)如(ru)下，即(ji)先(xian)將三(san)相交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)為(wei)相控(kong)(kong)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，再變換(huan)為(wei)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)頻交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)頻交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)再經(jing)變壓器隔離、全橋(qiao)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)、濾波(bo)(bo)轉換(huan)為(wei)穩定的(de)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)輸出(chu)。此(ci)種(zhong)(zhong)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)最大特點是(shi)穩流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)精度高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，紋波(bo)(bo)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)，諧波(bo)(bo)失真小(xiao)，是(shi)一種(zhong)(zhong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。在(zai)組(zu)成直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)時，可采(cai)用(yong)N個單元模(mo)塊(kuai)組(zu)合(he)的(de)方(fang)式提供直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)輸出(chu)，因而備(bei)份(fen)程度高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)整體可靠(kao)(kao)性較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。此(ci)類(lei)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)目(mu)前國(guo)內已有廠(chang)家生(sheng)產，但在(zai)整體外(wai)觀(guan)等(deng)(deng)方(fang)面略(lve)遜于傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)相控(kong)(kong)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)屏，企業(ye)在(zai)選擇直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)時可進(jin)行(xing)比較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)取舍。
（3)直(zhi)流(liu)屏(ping)系統維護
鎘(ge)鎳電池在使(shi)用(yong)中(zhong)應(ying)主要注(zhu)意以(yi)下問題：
1）定期對電池(chi)組進(jin)行大功率的(de)充(chong)、放(fang)電，以激活電池(chi)內部(bu)的(de)化學(xue)物質，降低(di)電池(chi)惰性，恢復(fu)電池(chi)容量。
2）經常(chang)檢查電(dian)池液位(wei)，在電(dian)池滿(man)容量時對過高(gao)、過低的(de)電(dian)池液位(wei)及時進行(xing)調整(zheng)。
3）定期檢查電(dian)池溶液濃度(du)，發現比重變化(hua)時(shi)予以補堿液或加水(shui)，必(bi)要時(shi)重新配制電(dian)解(jie)液。
4）定期逐個檢查電池端電壓，對個別電壓下(xia)降較大的電池，單獨進行"活(huo)化"處理。
5）注意電(dian)池環(huan)境溫度(du)，最好使電(dian)池在40℃以(yi)下溫度(du)運行，以(yi)免加劇(ju)電(dian)池的自放電(dian)，引(yin)起電(dian)池容量(liang)下降。
6）保持電池清潔及(ji)環境干(gan)爽(shuang)，以免發生電池爬堿(jian)(jian)，導(dao)致電池容量下降和(he)引起直(zhi)流系統(tong)絕緣降低(di)。平時(shi)及(ji)檢修時(shi)對電池外溢的堿(jian)(jian)液應及(ji)時(shi)用干(gan)布擦(ca)凈，切不(bu)
可用水沖(chong)洗電池外部。
與鎘(ge)鎳(nie)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)相比，免維護(hu)鉛酸電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的維護(hu)運(yun)行中維護(hu)工作量較(jiao)小，平時(shi)(shi)只需(xu)注意(yi)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)各連接完(wan)好，保持(chi)連接無(wu)銹(xiu)蝕(shi)、腐蝕(shi)；觀察電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)是否(fou)出(chu)現漲肚、變形；密(mi)封(feng)閥是否(fou)完(wan)好；電(dian)(dian)極(ji)柱有無(wu)熔融跡象(xiang)；以及(ji)保持(chi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)清潔干燥等(deng)等(deng)。同時(shi)(shi)定期(qi)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單體端電(dian)(dian)壓，及(ji)時(shi)(shi)發現處理失效電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。
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