電池的分類和電池術語
2019/3/29 9:25:08??????點擊：
電池的分類有不同的方(fang)法，其分類方(fang)法大體上(shang)可分為(wei)三大類
第一類(lei)：按電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液種類(lei)劃分包括：堿(jian)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質主要(yao)以(yi)氫(qing)氧化鉀(jia)火溶(rong)液為主的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)：如：堿(jian)性鋅錳電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)（俗(su)稱(cheng)堿(jian)錳電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)或堿(jian)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)）、鎘鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，鎳氫(qing) 電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等(deng)。酸性電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，主要(yao)以(yi)硫(liu)酸水溶(rong)液為介(jie)質，如鋅錳干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)（有的消費者也稱(cheng)之為酸性電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)）、海(hai)水電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等(deng)；有機電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，主要(yao)以(yi)有機溶(rong)液為介(jie)質的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，如 鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等(deng)。
第二類：按工作性質和貯(zhu)存(cun)方式劃分(fen)包括：一次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，又稱(cheng)原電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，即不(bu)能再充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，如(ru)鋅錳干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，鋰原電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等；二次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，即可充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，如(ru)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian) 池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、鋰離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、鎘鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等；蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)習慣上指鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，也是(shi)二次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)；燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，即活性材料(liao)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)工作時(shi)才連續不(bu)斷地(di)從外部加(jia)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，如(ru)氫(qing)氧燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等； 貯(zhu)備電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，即電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)貯(zhu)存(cun)時(shi)不(bu)直(zhi)(zhi)接接觸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液，直(zhi)(zhi)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)使用時(shi)，才加(jia)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液，如(ru)鎂化銀電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)又稱(cheng)海水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等。
第三類：按電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)所用正、負極材料劃分包括(kuo)：鋅(xin)系列電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，如(ru)鋅(xin)錳(meng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、鋅(xin)銀電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等；鎳系列電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，如(ru)鎘鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、氫鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等：鉛系列電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，如(ru)鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等；鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、鋰(li)錳(meng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)；二氧化錳(meng)系列電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，如(ru)鋅(xin)錳(meng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、堿錳(meng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等；空(kong)氣（氧氣）系列電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，如(ru)鋅(xin)空(kong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等
電池術語：
化(hua)學電源（又稱電池）: 一種直接把化(hua)學能轉(zhuan)變成電能的(de)裝(zhuang)置。
一(yi)(yi)次電(dian)(dian)(dian)池（又稱原電(dian)(dian)(dian)池）: 一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)只能(neng)用來(lai)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)，且在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)以(yi)后不能(neng)用充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的方法獲(huo)得復原并能(neng)再次使用的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池。
二(er)次(ci)電池（又稱充電電池）: 一種(zhong)在放電以后可以用充電的方法獲得復原并能再次(ci)使用的電池。
開路電壓(ya): 外部電路斷(duan)開時，電池正(zheng)負極之間(jian)的電位差(cha)。
負(fu)荷電(dian)壓: 電(dian)池輸出電(dian)流(liu)時，電(dian)池兩個(ge)極端(duan)的電(dian)位差(cha)。
標(biao)稱電(dian)壓（又稱額定電(dian)壓）: 規定的電(dian)池(chi)開路(lu)電(dian)壓的最低值(zhi)。
終止電壓: 電池放(fang)電試驗(yan)中，規(gui)定(ding)結束(shu)放(fang)電的負荷電壓。
貯(zhu)存壽命: 電池(chi)在規定(ding)條件下的貯(zhu)存期限，貯(zhu)存結(jie)束(shu)時，電池(chi)仍(reng)能保(bao)持規定(ding)的性能。
標稱容量: 在(zai)一定條件(jian)下，規(gui)定電(dian)池應該給出的(de)最低限度的(de)電(dian)量。
內阻(zu): 電(dian)池內部兩(liang)極之間的電(dian)阻(zu)。
循環(huan)壽命: 充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池在(zai)失效(xiao)前所能達到的充(chong)放電(dian)循環(huan)次數(shu)。
自(zi)放電(dian): 電(dian)池在(zai)荷(he)電(dian)或貯存(cun)狀態下，由于各種原因而引(yin)起的(de)(de)容量損失的(de)(de)現象(xiang)。
放電(dian)率: 電(dian)池在(zai)規定(ding)(ding)時間內(nei)放出額定(ding)(ding)容(rong)(rong)量時所需(xu)的(de)電(dian)流(liu)值；或按(an)一定(ding)(ding)輸出電(dian)流(liu)放完額定(ding)(ding)容(rong)(rong)量時所需(xu)的(de)時間。常用(yong)倍(bei)率（若干C）或時率表示。
充電率(lv)(lv): 蓄電池在(zai)規定(ding)時間(jian)內充到(dao)額定(ding)容量所需(xu)的電流值(zhi)；或在(zai)一定(ding)電流下充到(dao)額定(ding)容量所需(xu)的時間(jian)。一般用倍率(lv)(lv)（若干C）或時率(lv)(lv)表示。
恒壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian): 充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時，保持充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器兩端(duan)電(dian)(dian)壓始終不變的一種充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)方法。
恒流充(chong)電(dian): 充(chong)電(dian)時，充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流保持不(bu)變的一種充(chong)電(dian)方法。
涓流充(chong)電: 以低充(chong)電率（C/100C/20）對(dui)蓄電池進行恒流充(chong)電，使電池保持(chi)全充(chong)電態的一種(zhong)充(chong)電方(fang)法。
記(ji)憶效(xiao)應: 電(dian)池(chi)(chi)長(chang)時間(jian)經受特定(ding)的(de)工作(zuo)循環后(hou)，自(zi)動保持這(zhe)一特定(ding)的(de)電(dian)性(xing)能(neng)。不能(neng)全(quan)部放出額(e)定(ding)容量(liang)(liang)，只能(neng)達(da)到(dao)常用(yong)的(de)放電(dian)深(shen)度(du)(du)。譬如(ru)：一只額(e)定(ding)容量(liang)(liang)為100%的(de)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)，在使用(yong)時，如(ru)果在尚未用(yong)完(wan)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)后(hou)就充(chong)電(dian)，長(chang)期下去，電(dian)池(chi)(chi)就“記(ji)住了”這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)“刻度(du)(du)”，以后(hou)再(zai)充(chong)電(dian)時，充(chong)到(dao)這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)“刻度(du)(du)”就再(zai)也不容易充(chong)進去了。
爬堿（漏）液(ye)(ye): 電池(chi)內(nei)的(de)電解(jie)(jie)液(ye)(ye)從(cong)正常情(qing)況下不(bu)與電解(jie)(jie)液(ye)(ye)接觸(chu)的(de)電池(chi)外表面或電池(chi)部(bu)件(jian)上流出來。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)/電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組: 兩個以上的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)串聯(lian)、并聯(lian)在一起提(ti)供所需要操作的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和電(dian)(dian)(dian)流。一般使用下所說(shuo)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)僅(jin)指單支電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。
放電電流:放電過(guo)程中需要多大(da)的電流放電。
安全閥: 在電池蓋冒上設計的排氣小孔,當電池內部所釋放氣體的氣壓達到一定值時,小孔閥門自動打開排出氣體。上海施能(neng)電器(qi)設備有限公(gong)司(si)始(shi)建于(yu)1984年，上海市高新技術企業，中國工業車輛優秀配套供應商，上海電器行業名優產品，主要生產工頻系列充電機，高頻系列充電機，鋰電池充電機，系列放電機，系列充放電機等電器產品。
第一類(lei)：按電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液種類(lei)劃分包括：堿(jian)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質主要(yao)以(yi)氫(qing)氧化鉀(jia)火溶(rong)液為主的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)：如：堿(jian)性鋅錳電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)（俗(su)稱(cheng)堿(jian)錳電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)或堿(jian)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)）、鎘鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，鎳氫(qing) 電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等(deng)。酸性電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，主要(yao)以(yi)硫(liu)酸水溶(rong)液為介(jie)質，如鋅錳干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)（有的消費者也稱(cheng)之為酸性電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)）、海(hai)水電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等(deng)；有機電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，主要(yao)以(yi)有機溶(rong)液為介(jie)質的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，如 鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等(deng)。
第二類：按工作性質和貯(zhu)存(cun)方式劃分(fen)包括：一次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，又稱(cheng)原電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，即不(bu)能再充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，如(ru)鋅錳干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，鋰原電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等；二次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，即可充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，如(ru)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian) 池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、鋰離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、鎘鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等；蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)習慣上指鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，也是(shi)二次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)；燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，即活性材料(liao)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)工作時(shi)才連續不(bu)斷地(di)從外部加(jia)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，如(ru)氫(qing)氧燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等； 貯(zhu)備電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，即電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)貯(zhu)存(cun)時(shi)不(bu)直(zhi)(zhi)接接觸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液，直(zhi)(zhi)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)使用時(shi)，才加(jia)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液，如(ru)鎂化銀電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)又稱(cheng)海水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等。
第三類：按電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)所用正、負極材料劃分包括(kuo)：鋅(xin)系列電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，如(ru)鋅(xin)錳(meng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、鋅(xin)銀電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等；鎳系列電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，如(ru)鎘鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、氫鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等：鉛系列電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，如(ru)鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等；鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、鋰(li)錳(meng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)；二氧化錳(meng)系列電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，如(ru)鋅(xin)錳(meng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、堿錳(meng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等；空(kong)氣（氧氣）系列電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，如(ru)鋅(xin)空(kong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等
電池術語：
化(hua)學電源（又稱電池）: 一種直接把化(hua)學能轉(zhuan)變成電能的(de)裝(zhuang)置。
一(yi)(yi)次電(dian)(dian)(dian)池（又稱原電(dian)(dian)(dian)池）: 一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)只能(neng)用來(lai)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)，且在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)以(yi)后不能(neng)用充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的方法獲(huo)得復原并能(neng)再次使用的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池。
二(er)次(ci)電池（又稱充電電池）: 一種(zhong)在放電以后可以用充電的方法獲得復原并能再次(ci)使用的電池。
開路電壓(ya): 外部電路斷(duan)開時，電池正(zheng)負極之間(jian)的電位差(cha)。
負(fu)荷電(dian)壓: 電(dian)池輸出電(dian)流(liu)時，電(dian)池兩個(ge)極端(duan)的電(dian)位差(cha)。
標(biao)稱電(dian)壓（又稱額定電(dian)壓）: 規定的電(dian)池(chi)開路(lu)電(dian)壓的最低值(zhi)。
終止電壓: 電池放(fang)電試驗(yan)中，規(gui)定(ding)結束(shu)放(fang)電的負荷電壓。
貯(zhu)存壽命: 電池(chi)在規定(ding)條件下的貯(zhu)存期限，貯(zhu)存結(jie)束(shu)時，電池(chi)仍(reng)能保(bao)持規定(ding)的性能。
標稱容量: 在(zai)一定條件(jian)下，規(gui)定電(dian)池應該給出的(de)最低限度的(de)電(dian)量。
內阻(zu): 電(dian)池內部兩(liang)極之間的電(dian)阻(zu)。
循環(huan)壽命: 充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池在(zai)失效(xiao)前所能達到的充(chong)放電(dian)循環(huan)次數(shu)。
自(zi)放電(dian): 電(dian)池在(zai)荷(he)電(dian)或貯存(cun)狀態下，由于各種原因而引(yin)起的(de)(de)容量損失的(de)(de)現象(xiang)。
放電(dian)率: 電(dian)池在(zai)規定(ding)(ding)時間內(nei)放出額定(ding)(ding)容(rong)(rong)量時所需(xu)的(de)電(dian)流(liu)值；或按(an)一定(ding)(ding)輸出電(dian)流(liu)放完額定(ding)(ding)容(rong)(rong)量時所需(xu)的(de)時間。常用(yong)倍(bei)率（若干C）或時率表示。
充電率(lv)(lv): 蓄電池在(zai)規定(ding)時間(jian)內充到(dao)額定(ding)容量所需(xu)的電流值(zhi)；或在(zai)一定(ding)電流下充到(dao)額定(ding)容量所需(xu)的時間(jian)。一般用倍率(lv)(lv)（若干C）或時率(lv)(lv)表示。
恒壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian): 充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時，保持充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器兩端(duan)電(dian)(dian)壓始終不變的一種充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)方法。
恒流充(chong)電(dian): 充(chong)電(dian)時，充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流保持不(bu)變的一種充(chong)電(dian)方法。
涓流充(chong)電: 以低充(chong)電率（C/100C/20）對(dui)蓄電池進行恒流充(chong)電，使電池保持(chi)全充(chong)電態的一種(zhong)充(chong)電方(fang)法。
記(ji)憶效(xiao)應: 電(dian)池(chi)(chi)長(chang)時間(jian)經受特定(ding)的(de)工作(zuo)循環后(hou)，自(zi)動保持這(zhe)一特定(ding)的(de)電(dian)性(xing)能(neng)。不能(neng)全(quan)部放出額(e)定(ding)容量(liang)(liang)，只能(neng)達(da)到(dao)常用(yong)的(de)放電(dian)深(shen)度(du)(du)。譬如(ru)：一只額(e)定(ding)容量(liang)(liang)為100%的(de)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)，在使用(yong)時，如(ru)果在尚未用(yong)完(wan)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)后(hou)就充(chong)電(dian)，長(chang)期下去，電(dian)池(chi)(chi)就“記(ji)住了”這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)“刻度(du)(du)”，以后(hou)再(zai)充(chong)電(dian)時，充(chong)到(dao)這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)“刻度(du)(du)”就再(zai)也不容易充(chong)進去了。
爬堿（漏）液(ye)(ye): 電池(chi)內(nei)的(de)電解(jie)(jie)液(ye)(ye)從(cong)正常情(qing)況下不(bu)與電解(jie)(jie)液(ye)(ye)接觸(chu)的(de)電池(chi)外表面或電池(chi)部(bu)件(jian)上流出來。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)/電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組: 兩個以上的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)串聯(lian)、并聯(lian)在一起提(ti)供所需要操作的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和電(dian)(dian)(dian)流。一般使用下所說(shuo)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)僅(jin)指單支電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。
放電電流:放電過(guo)程中需要多大(da)的電流放電。
安全閥: 在電池蓋冒上設計的排氣小孔,當電池內部所釋放氣體的氣壓達到一定值時,小孔閥門自動打開排出氣體。上海施能(neng)電器(qi)設備有限公(gong)司(si)始(shi)建于(yu)1984年，上海市高新技術企業，中國工業車輛優秀配套供應商，上海電器行業名優產品，主要生產工頻系列充電機，高頻系列充電機，鋰電池充電機，系列放電機，系列充放電機等電器產品。
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