直流系統維護
2019/6/6 10:52:09??????點擊：
一、直流系統維護
1）高頻(pin)開關電源模(mo)塊內部灰塵定期清掃；
2）直(zhi)流屏內灰塵定期(qi)清掃；
3）蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)每(mei)年(nian)應(ying)以實際負荷做一(yi)次(ci)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)應(ying)保持電(dian)(dian)(dian)流穩定，放出額定容量的30％左右（以0.1C放電(dian)(dian)(dian)3小(xiao)時(shi)），放電(dian)(dian)(dian)每(mei)小(xiao)時(shi)應(ying)測一(yi)次(ci)單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、放電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流、溫度等，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)后應(ying)進(jin)行均衡充電(dian)(dian)(dian)然后轉浮充進(jin)行。
4)每(mei)月應測一次電池單體電壓及終端電壓，檢查外(wai)觀有無異常變形和(he)發(fa)熱，并保(bao)持完整運(yun)行記錄(lu)。
5)每年(nian)應(ying)(ying)檢查一(yi)次連接(jie)導線是否牢固，是否有腐蝕(shi)(shi)、松動應(ying)(ying)擰緊至(zhi)規定扭距，腐蝕(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)及時更換；
6)不要單(dan)獨增(zeng)加或減(jian)少(shao)電池組中幾個單(dan)體電池的(de)(de)負荷，這將造成單(dan)體電池容(rong)量的(de)(de)不平(ping)衡和充電的(de)(de)不均性，降低電池的(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)。
7）常見故(gu)障及處理
(1)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池殼體(ti)異常(chang)。造(zao)成原(yuan)因有(you)：充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流過(guo)(guo)大，單只電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓超(chao)過(guo)(guo)了2.4V，內部有(you)短路或局部放電(dian)(dian)(dian)、溫升超(chao)標(biao)、閥控失(shi)靈。處理方法：減小充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，降低充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，檢查安全閥體(ti)是否堵死。
(2)運行中浮充電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓正常，但一放電(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓很(hen)快(kuai)就下降到(dao)終止電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓值原(yuan)因(yin)是蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池內部失水干涸、電(dian)(dian)(dian)解物質(zhi)變質(zhi)。此時應通(tong)知廠家(jia)更換電(dian)(dian)(dian)池。
二(er)、應急處理(li)的原則
A、電(dian)源(yuan)系統故障的應急(ji)處理的基(ji)本原則是：維持(chi)系統的直流供電(dian)不中(zhong)斷(duan)。
B、電(dian)源系統出現威脅通(tong)信安全(quan)或(huo)造成通(tong)信中斷的故(gu)障主要包括：交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)電(dian)路不可恢復性損壞；直流(liu)(liu)負載或(huo)直流(liu)(liu)配電(dian)發生(sheng)短路；整流(liu)(liu)模塊全(quan)部癱瘓；監控模塊失(shi)控造成的關(guan)機事故(gu)；直流(liu)(liu)輸(shu)出過壓造成的模塊封鎖等。
1）直流配電(dian)的(de)應急處理
（1）負載局部(bu)短路(lu)(lu)：將損壞(huai)的負載直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)斷(duan)路(lu)(lu)器斷(duan)開(kai)或(huo)(huo)饋(kui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)熔斷(duan)器分離。（2）配電(dian)(dian)(dian)斷(duan)路(lu)(lu)：由于操作人員的粗心或(huo)(huo)地震等人為的或(huo)(huo)自然(ran)的因(yin)素造成的直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)短路(lu)(lu)故障(zhang)(zhang)將直(zhi)接(jie)影響直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)系統(tong)的安(an)全。故障(zhang)(zhang)發(fa)生后，一般應(ying)按照以下步驟進行處(chu)理(li)(li)：切斷(duan)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)；將電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)強(qiang)制從(cong)系統(tong)中分離；利用電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)或(huo)(huo)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)模塊直(zhi)接(jie)給(gei)負載供電(dian)(dian)(dian)。2）監(jian)控系統(tong)故障(zhang)(zhang)的應(ying)急處(chu)理(li)(li)監(jian)控系統(tong)故障(zhang)(zhang)影響直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)安(an)全時，只需關掉(diao)監(jian)控模塊即可，但此時應(ying)注意電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的管理(li)(li)和維護。
3）模(mo)塊故障的應急處理
（1）模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)內部短路：模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)內部短路時能自動(dong)退出系(xi)統(tong)(tong)。（2）部分模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)損(sun)壞：部分模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)損(sun)壞后，只要(yao)剩余完(wan)好模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)能滿足負載(zai)供電(dian)(dian)要(yao)求，關掉(diao)(diao)損(sun)壞模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)的交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)即可。（3）模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)輸(shu)出過(guo)壓(ya)(ya)：當(dang)負載(zai)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)低于單個(ge)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)容量(liang)時，某一(yi)個(ge)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)輸(shu)出過(guo)壓(ya)(ya)將造成系(xi)統(tong)(tong)過(guo)壓(ya)(ya)，所有模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)過(guo)壓(ya)(ya)保(bao)護，并且不(bu)能自動(dong)恢(hui)復(fu)。處理方法為：關掉(diao)(diao)所有模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)的交流(liu)開(kai)關，然后逐一(yi)打(da)(da)開(kai)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)，當(dang)打(da)(da)開(kai)某一(yi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)再次出現過(guo)壓(ya)(ya)保(bao)護時，關掉(diao)(diao)該模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)，打(da)(da)開(kai)其它模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)，系(xi)統(tong)(tong)即恢(hui)復(fu)正(zheng)常工作(zuo)了(le)。