充電機如何控制過充？
2019/3/12 9:04:12??????點擊：
當蓄電池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)滿(man)電以(yi)后，充(chong)(chong)電機(ji)需要適時地堵截充(chong)(chong)電電流，否則蓄電池(chi)(chi)將出現大量出氣(qi)、失(shi)水和溫升等過充(chong)(chong)的(de)反(fan)應，這將危及到(dao)蓄電池(chi)(chi)的(de)使用壽命。因(yin)此，隨時監(jian)測蓄電池(chi)(chi)的(de)充(chong)(chong)電情(qing)況(kuang)是(shi)非常有(you)必要的(de)，確保電池(chi)(chi)能夠(gou)把電充(chong)(chong)足并且又不過充(chong)(chong)電。主(zhu)要的(de)停(ting)充(chong)(chong)操控(kong)辦法(fa)有(you)：
第一、定(ding)時(shi)控(kong)制選用(yong)恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)法時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)池所需充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)可(ke)依據(ju)電(dian)(dian)池容量(liang)和充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的大小很容易地(di)確定(ding)，因(yin)此只需預(yu)先設定(ding)好充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)，一旦時(shi)間(jian)一到，守時(shi)器(qi)即可(ke)發布信號停充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)或(huo)降為涓流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。定(ding)時(shi)器(qi)可(ke)由時(shi)間(jian)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)當(dang)，或(huo)許由單(dan)片機承當(dang)其功(gong)用(yong)。這種辦法簡單(dan)，但(dan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)不(bu)能(neng)依據(ju)電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)前狀況而自動(dong)調(diao)整，因(yin)此實(shi)際充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)，可(ke)能(neng)會(hui)出現有(you)時(shi)欠充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、有(you)時(shi)過充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的表象；
第二、電(dian)池(chi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)操控對Ni-cd電(dian)池(chi)而言，正常(chang)充(chong)電(dian)時，蓄電(dian)池(chi)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)改變(bian)并不(bu)顯(xian)著，可是，當(dang)電(dian)池(chi)過充(chong)時，其內部氣體壓(ya)力將快(kuai)速增大，負極板上氧(yang)化反響使內部發熱(re)，溫(wen)(wen)度(du)快(kuai)速上升（每(mei)分鐘可升高幾個攝(she)氏度(du)）。因此，調查(cha)電(dian)池(chi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)的(de)改變(bian)，即可判別電(dian)池(chi)是否現已(yi)充(chong)溢(yi)。通(tong)常(chang)選(xuan)用兩(liang)(liang)只熱(re)敏(min)(min)電(dian)阻別離檢測(ce)電(dian)池(chi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)和環境溫(wen)(wen)度(du)，當(dang)兩(liang)(liang)者溫(wen)(wen)差到(dao)達一定值時，即宣布停充(chong)信號。因為熱(re)敏(min)(min)電(dian)阻動態響應速度(du)較慢，故不(bu)能及時精確地檢測(ce)到(dao)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)滿充(chong)狀況；
第三(san)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓負增量一般(ban)而言，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，其端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓將(jiang)呈現降低(di)趨勢，據此(ci)(ci)可(ke)將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓出現負增長(chang)的時(shi)間作為停充時(shi)間。與(yu)溫度(du)操控(kong)法(fa)比較，這種辦(ban)法(fa)呼應速度(du)快，此(ci)(ci)外，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的負增量與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的絕(jue)對值(zhi)無關，因此(ci)(ci)這種停充操控(kong)辦(ban)法(fa)可(ke)適(shi)應具有不(bu)一樣單(dan)格(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)數的蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。此(ci)(ci)辦(ban)法(fa)的缺陷是一般(ban)的檢測器靈敏度(du)和可(ke)靠性不(bu)高，同時(shi)，當環境溫度(du)較高時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)足夠電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的減小并不(bu)顯(xian)著，因此(ci)(ci)難以操控(kong)；
第四、使用極化電壓操控通常情況下，蓄電池的極化電壓出現在電池剛好充滿后，通常在50mV～100mV數量級，選用有關專利技術來測量每個單格電池的極化電壓，這樣就使每個電池都可充電到它自身所需求的程度。研討表明，因為每個電池在幾何結構、化學性質及電學特性等方面至少存在一些細微的不同，那么依據每個單格電池的特性來斷定它所需求的充電水平會比把蓄電池組作為一個整體來操控的辦法更加適宜一些。上(shang)海施能電器設(she)備有(you)限公司(si)始建(jian)于1984年，上海市高新技術企業，中國工業車輛優秀配套供應商，上海電器行業名優產品，主要生產工頻系列充電機，高頻系列充電機，鋰電池充電機，系列放電機，系列充放電機等電器產品。
第一、定(ding)時(shi)控(kong)制選用(yong)恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)法時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)池所需充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)可(ke)依據(ju)電(dian)(dian)池容量(liang)和充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的大小很容易地(di)確定(ding)，因(yin)此只需預(yu)先設定(ding)好充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)，一旦時(shi)間(jian)一到，守時(shi)器(qi)即可(ke)發布信號停充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)或(huo)降為涓流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。定(ding)時(shi)器(qi)可(ke)由時(shi)間(jian)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)當(dang)，或(huo)許由單(dan)片機承當(dang)其功(gong)用(yong)。這種辦法簡單(dan)，但(dan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)不(bu)能(neng)依據(ju)電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)前狀況而自動(dong)調(diao)整，因(yin)此實(shi)際充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)，可(ke)能(neng)會(hui)出現有(you)時(shi)欠充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、有(you)時(shi)過充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的表象；
第二、電(dian)池(chi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)操控對Ni-cd電(dian)池(chi)而言，正常(chang)充(chong)電(dian)時，蓄電(dian)池(chi)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)改變(bian)并不(bu)顯(xian)著，可是，當(dang)電(dian)池(chi)過充(chong)時，其內部氣體壓(ya)力將快(kuai)速增大，負極板上氧(yang)化反響使內部發熱(re)，溫(wen)(wen)度(du)快(kuai)速上升（每(mei)分鐘可升高幾個攝(she)氏度(du)）。因此，調查(cha)電(dian)池(chi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)的(de)改變(bian)，即可判別電(dian)池(chi)是否現已(yi)充(chong)溢(yi)。通(tong)常(chang)選(xuan)用兩(liang)(liang)只熱(re)敏(min)(min)電(dian)阻別離檢測(ce)電(dian)池(chi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)和環境溫(wen)(wen)度(du)，當(dang)兩(liang)(liang)者溫(wen)(wen)差到(dao)達一定值時，即宣布停充(chong)信號。因為熱(re)敏(min)(min)電(dian)阻動態響應速度(du)較慢，故不(bu)能及時精確地檢測(ce)到(dao)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)滿充(chong)狀況；
第三(san)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓負增量一般(ban)而言，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，其端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓將(jiang)呈現降低(di)趨勢，據此(ci)(ci)可(ke)將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓出現負增長(chang)的時(shi)間作為停充時(shi)間。與(yu)溫度(du)操控(kong)法(fa)比較，這種辦(ban)法(fa)呼應速度(du)快，此(ci)(ci)外，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的負增量與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的絕(jue)對值(zhi)無關，因此(ci)(ci)這種停充操控(kong)辦(ban)法(fa)可(ke)適(shi)應具有不(bu)一樣單(dan)格(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)數的蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。此(ci)(ci)辦(ban)法(fa)的缺陷是一般(ban)的檢測器靈敏度(du)和可(ke)靠性不(bu)高，同時(shi)，當環境溫度(du)較高時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)足夠電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的減小并不(bu)顯(xian)著，因此(ci)(ci)難以操控(kong)；
第四、使用極化電壓操控通常情況下，蓄電池的極化電壓出現在電池剛好充滿后，通常在50mV～100mV數量級，選用有關專利技術來測量每個單格電池的極化電壓，這樣就使每個電池都可充電到它自身所需求的程度。研討表明，因為每個電池在幾何結構、化學性質及電學特性等方面至少存在一些細微的不同，那么依據每個單格電池的特性來斷定它所需求的充電水平會比把蓄電池組作為一個整體來操控的辦法更加適宜一些。上(shang)海施能電器設(she)備有(you)限公司(si)始建(jian)于1984年，上海市高新技術企業，中國工業車輛優秀配套供應商，上海電器行業名優產品，主要生產工頻系列充電機，高頻系列充電機，鋰電池充電機，系列放電機，系列充放電機等電器產品。
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