充電機如何控制過充？
2019/3/12 9:04:12??????點擊：
當蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)以后，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)需(xu)要(yao)適時(shi)地堵(du)截充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，否則蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池將出(chu)現(xian)大(da)量出(chu)氣、失水(shui)和溫升等過充(chong)的反應，這將危及(ji)到(dao)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的使用壽命。因此，隨(sui)時(shi)監測蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)情況是非常有必要(yao)的，確保電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池能(neng)夠把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)充(chong)足(zu)并且(qie)又不過充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。主(zhu)要(yao)的停充(chong)操(cao)控辦(ban)法有：
第一、定(ding)時(shi)(shi)控(kong)制選用(yong)恒流充(chong)電(dian)法(fa)時(shi)(shi)，電(dian)池(chi)所(suo)需充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)(shi)間可依(yi)據電(dian)池(chi)容量和充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流的(de)大小(xiao)很容易地確定(ding)，因此只需預先設定(ding)好充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)(shi)間，一旦時(shi)(shi)間一到(dao)，守時(shi)(shi)器(qi)即可發布信號停(ting)充(chong)或降為(wei)涓(juan)流充(chong)電(dian)。定(ding)時(shi)(shi)器(qi)可由時(shi)(shi)間繼電(dian)器(qi)充(chong)當(dang)，或許由單片機承當(dang)其功(gong)用(yong)。這(zhe)種(zhong)辦法(fa)簡單，但充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)(shi)間不能(neng)依(yi)據電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)前狀(zhuang)況而自(zi)動調整，因此實際充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)(shi)，可能(neng)會出(chu)現有時(shi)(shi)欠充(chong)、有時(shi)(shi)過充(chong)的(de)表象；
第二(er)、電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)溫度(du)操控對Ni-cd電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)而(er)言，正常充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的溫度(du)改(gai)變并不顯著，可(ke)是，當(dang)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)過充(chong)時(shi)，其內部氣體壓力將快速(su)增(zeng)大，負(fu)極板上氧(yang)化反響(xiang)使內部發熱(re)，溫度(du)快速(su)上升(sheng)（每分鐘可(ke)升(sheng)高幾(ji)個(ge)攝氏度(du)）。因此(ci)，調查電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)溫度(du)的改(gai)變，即(ji)(ji)可(ke)判別(bie)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是否現(xian)已充(chong)溢。通常選用兩只熱(re)敏電(dian)(dian)阻別(bie)離檢測電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)溫度(du)和環境溫度(du)，當(dang)兩者溫差到達一定值時(shi)，即(ji)(ji)宣布停充(chong)信(xin)號。因為熱(re)敏電(dian)(dian)阻動態響(xiang)應速(su)度(du)較慢，故不能及時(shi)精確(que)地檢測到電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的滿充(chong)狀況；
第三(san)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓負(fu)增(zeng)量一(yi)般而言，當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，其端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓將呈現降(jiang)低趨(qu)勢，據此(ci)(ci)可(ke)(ke)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓出現負(fu)增(zeng)長的時(shi)間作為停充(chong)時(shi)間。與溫(wen)(wen)度操(cao)控(kong)(kong)法(fa)比較，這種(zhong)辦法(fa)呼應速度快，此(ci)(ci)外(wai)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的負(fu)增(zeng)量與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的絕對(dui)值無關(guan)，因此(ci)(ci)這種(zhong)停充(chong)操(cao)控(kong)(kong)辦法(fa)可(ke)(ke)適應具有不一(yi)樣單格電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)數的蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。此(ci)(ci)辦法(fa)的缺(que)陷是(shi)一(yi)般的檢(jian)測器靈(ling)敏度和可(ke)(ke)靠性(xing)不高，同時(shi)，當(dang)環境(jing)溫(wen)(wen)度較高時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)足夠(gou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的減小并不顯著，因此(ci)(ci)難以操(cao)控(kong)(kong)；
第四、使用極化電壓操控通常情況下，蓄電池的極化電壓出現在電池剛好充滿后，通常在50mV～100mV數量級，選用有關專利技術來測量每個單格電池的極化電壓，這樣就使每個電池都可充電到它自身所需求的程度。研討表明，因為每個電池在幾何結構、化學性質及電學特性等方面至少存在一些細微的不同，那么依據每個單格電池的特性來斷定它所需求的充電水平會比把蓄電池組作為一個整體來操控的辦法更加適宜一些。上海施(shi)能電器設備有限公(gong)司始建于(yu)1984年，上海市高新技術企業，中國工業車輛優秀配套供應商，上海電器行業名優產品，主要生產工頻系列充電機，高頻系列充電機，鋰電池充電機，系列放電機，系列充放電機等電器產品。
第一、定(ding)時(shi)(shi)控(kong)制選用(yong)恒流充(chong)電(dian)法(fa)時(shi)(shi)，電(dian)池(chi)所(suo)需充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)(shi)間可依(yi)據電(dian)池(chi)容量和充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流的(de)大小(xiao)很容易地確定(ding)，因此只需預先設定(ding)好充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)(shi)間，一旦時(shi)(shi)間一到(dao)，守時(shi)(shi)器(qi)即可發布信號停(ting)充(chong)或降為(wei)涓(juan)流充(chong)電(dian)。定(ding)時(shi)(shi)器(qi)可由時(shi)(shi)間繼電(dian)器(qi)充(chong)當(dang)，或許由單片機承當(dang)其功(gong)用(yong)。這(zhe)種(zhong)辦法(fa)簡單，但充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)(shi)間不能(neng)依(yi)據電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)前狀(zhuang)況而自(zi)動調整，因此實際充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)(shi)，可能(neng)會出(chu)現有時(shi)(shi)欠充(chong)、有時(shi)(shi)過充(chong)的(de)表象；
第二(er)、電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)溫度(du)操控對Ni-cd電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)而(er)言，正常充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的溫度(du)改(gai)變并不顯著，可(ke)是，當(dang)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)過充(chong)時(shi)，其內部氣體壓力將快速(su)增(zeng)大，負(fu)極板上氧(yang)化反響(xiang)使內部發熱(re)，溫度(du)快速(su)上升(sheng)（每分鐘可(ke)升(sheng)高幾(ji)個(ge)攝氏度(du)）。因此(ci)，調查電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)溫度(du)的改(gai)變，即(ji)(ji)可(ke)判別(bie)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是否現(xian)已充(chong)溢。通常選用兩只熱(re)敏電(dian)(dian)阻別(bie)離檢測電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)溫度(du)和環境溫度(du)，當(dang)兩者溫差到達一定值時(shi)，即(ji)(ji)宣布停充(chong)信(xin)號。因為熱(re)敏電(dian)(dian)阻動態響(xiang)應速(su)度(du)較慢，故不能及時(shi)精確(que)地檢測到電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的滿充(chong)狀況；
第三(san)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓負(fu)增(zeng)量一(yi)般而言，當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，其端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓將呈現降(jiang)低趨(qu)勢，據此(ci)(ci)可(ke)(ke)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓出現負(fu)增(zeng)長的時(shi)間作為停充(chong)時(shi)間。與溫(wen)(wen)度操(cao)控(kong)(kong)法(fa)比較，這種(zhong)辦法(fa)呼應速度快，此(ci)(ci)外(wai)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的負(fu)增(zeng)量與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的絕對(dui)值無關(guan)，因此(ci)(ci)這種(zhong)停充(chong)操(cao)控(kong)(kong)辦法(fa)可(ke)(ke)適應具有不一(yi)樣單格電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)數的蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。此(ci)(ci)辦法(fa)的缺(que)陷是(shi)一(yi)般的檢(jian)測器靈(ling)敏度和可(ke)(ke)靠性(xing)不高，同時(shi)，當(dang)環境(jing)溫(wen)(wen)度較高時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)足夠(gou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的減小并不顯著，因此(ci)(ci)難以操(cao)控(kong)(kong)；
第四、使用極化電壓操控通常情況下，蓄電池的極化電壓出現在電池剛好充滿后，通常在50mV～100mV數量級，選用有關專利技術來測量每個單格電池的極化電壓，這樣就使每個電池都可充電到它自身所需求的程度。研討表明，因為每個電池在幾何結構、化學性質及電學特性等方面至少存在一些細微的不同，那么依據每個單格電池的特性來斷定它所需求的充電水平會比把蓄電池組作為一個整體來操控的辦法更加適宜一些。上海施(shi)能電器設備有限公(gong)司始建于(yu)1984年，上海市高新技術企業，中國工業車輛優秀配套供應商，上海電器行業名優產品，主要生產工頻系列充電機，高頻系列充電機，鋰電池充電機，系列放電機，系列充放電機等電器產品。
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