充電機如何控制過充？
2019/3/12 9:04:12??????點擊：
當(dang)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)以(yi)后，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機需要適(shi)時地(di)堵截充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，否(fou)則蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)將(jiang)出現(xian)大量(liang)出氣、失(shi)水和(he)溫升等過充(chong)(chong)的(de)反應，這將(jiang)危(wei)及到蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)壽命。因(yin)此，隨時監測蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)情況是(shi)非常(chang)有必要的(de)，確(que)保電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)能夠把(ba)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)充(chong)(chong)足并(bing)且(qie)又不過充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。主(zhu)要的(de)停充(chong)(chong)操控(kong)辦法(fa)有：
第(di)一(yi)、定(ding)(ding)(ding)時(shi)(shi)控制選用恒流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)法(fa)(fa)時(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)所需充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間可(ke)(ke)依(yi)據(ju)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量和充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流的(de)大(da)小很容易地確定(ding)(ding)(ding)，因此只需預先設(she)定(ding)(ding)(ding)好充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間，一(yi)旦時(shi)(shi)間一(yi)到，守(shou)時(shi)(shi)器即可(ke)(ke)發布(bu)信(xin)號停充(chong)(chong)或降為涓流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。定(ding)(ding)(ding)時(shi)(shi)器可(ke)(ke)由時(shi)(shi)間繼電(dian)(dian)器充(chong)(chong)當(dang)，或許由單(dan)片機承當(dang)其(qi)功用。這(zhe)種辦法(fa)(fa)簡單(dan)，但(dan)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間不能(neng)依(yi)據(ju)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)前狀況而自動調(diao)整，因此實際充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，可(ke)(ke)能(neng)會出現有(you)時(shi)(shi)欠(qian)充(chong)(chong)、有(you)時(shi)(shi)過(guo)充(chong)(chong)的(de)表象；
第二、電(dian)(dian)(dian)池溫(wen)度(du)(du)操控對Ni-cd電(dian)(dian)(dian)池而言，正(zheng)常充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)改變并不(bu)顯著，可是(shi)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)池過充時(shi)(shi)，其(qi)內部氣體(ti)壓力將快速增大，負極板上氧化反響(xiang)使(shi)內部發熱，溫(wen)度(du)(du)快速上升(sheng)（每分鐘可升(sheng)高幾個攝氏度(du)(du)）。因此(ci)，調查(cha)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池溫(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)改變，即可判別(bie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池是(shi)否現已充溢(yi)。通常選用兩只熱敏電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻別(bie)離(li)檢測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池溫(wen)度(du)(du)和(he)環境溫(wen)度(du)(du)，當兩者(zhe)溫(wen)差到達一(yi)定值時(shi)(shi)，即宣布停充信(xin)號。因為熱敏電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻動態響(xiang)應速度(du)(du)較慢，故不(bu)能及時(shi)(shi)精確地(di)檢測(ce)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)滿充狀況；
第(di)三、電(dian)(dian)池(chi)端電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)負增(zeng)量一般而言，當電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)足(zu)電(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)，其(qi)端電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)將呈現(xian)降(jiang)低趨(qu)勢(shi)，據(ju)此可(ke)將電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)出現(xian)負增(zeng)長的(de)(de)(de)時間(jian)作為停充(chong)時間(jian)。與溫(wen)度(du)操控法(fa)比較，這種辦(ban)(ban)法(fa)呼(hu)應速度(du)快(kuai)，此外(wai)，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)負增(zeng)量與電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)絕對值無關，因此這種停充(chong)操控辦(ban)(ban)法(fa)可(ke)適應具有不一樣單格電(dian)(dian)池(chi)數的(de)(de)(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。此辦(ban)(ban)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)缺陷是一般的(de)(de)(de)檢測(ce)器靈敏度(du)和可(ke)靠性不高，同(tong)時，當環境溫(wen)度(du)較高時，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)足(zu)夠電(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)減小并(bing)不顯(xian)著(zhu)，因此難以操控；
第四、使用極化電壓操控通常情況下，蓄電池的極化電壓出現在電池剛好充滿后，通常在50mV～100mV數量級，選用有關專利技術來測量每個單格電池的極化電壓，這樣就使每個電池都可充電到它自身所需求的程度。研討表明，因為每個電池在幾何結構、化學性質及電學特性等方面至少存在一些細微的不同，那么依據每個單格電池的特性來斷定它所需求的充電水平會比把蓄電池組作為一個整體來操控的辦法更加適宜一些。上海施能(neng)電(dian)器設備有限(xian)公司(si)始建于1984年(nian)，上海市高新技術企業，中國工業車輛優秀配套供應商，上海電器行業名優產品，主要生產工頻系列充電機，高頻系列充電機，鋰電池充電機，系列放電機，系列充放電機等電器產品。
第(di)一(yi)、定(ding)(ding)(ding)時(shi)(shi)控制選用恒流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)法(fa)(fa)時(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)所需充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間可(ke)(ke)依(yi)據(ju)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量和充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流的(de)大(da)小很容易地確定(ding)(ding)(ding)，因此只需預先設(she)定(ding)(ding)(ding)好充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間，一(yi)旦時(shi)(shi)間一(yi)到，守(shou)時(shi)(shi)器即可(ke)(ke)發布(bu)信(xin)號停充(chong)(chong)或降為涓流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。定(ding)(ding)(ding)時(shi)(shi)器可(ke)(ke)由時(shi)(shi)間繼電(dian)(dian)器充(chong)(chong)當(dang)，或許由單(dan)片機承當(dang)其(qi)功用。這(zhe)種辦法(fa)(fa)簡單(dan)，但(dan)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間不能(neng)依(yi)據(ju)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)前狀況而自動調(diao)整，因此實際充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，可(ke)(ke)能(neng)會出現有(you)時(shi)(shi)欠(qian)充(chong)(chong)、有(you)時(shi)(shi)過(guo)充(chong)(chong)的(de)表象；
第二、電(dian)(dian)(dian)池溫(wen)度(du)(du)操控對Ni-cd電(dian)(dian)(dian)池而言，正(zheng)常充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)改變并不(bu)顯著，可是(shi)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)池過充時(shi)(shi)，其(qi)內部氣體(ti)壓力將快速增大，負極板上氧化反響(xiang)使(shi)內部發熱，溫(wen)度(du)(du)快速上升(sheng)（每分鐘可升(sheng)高幾個攝氏度(du)(du)）。因此(ci)，調查(cha)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池溫(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)改變，即可判別(bie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池是(shi)否現已充溢(yi)。通常選用兩只熱敏電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻別(bie)離(li)檢測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池溫(wen)度(du)(du)和(he)環境溫(wen)度(du)(du)，當兩者(zhe)溫(wen)差到達一(yi)定值時(shi)(shi)，即宣布停充信(xin)號。因為熱敏電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻動態響(xiang)應速度(du)(du)較慢，故不(bu)能及時(shi)(shi)精確地(di)檢測(ce)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)滿充狀況；
第(di)三、電(dian)(dian)池(chi)端電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)負增(zeng)量一般而言，當電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)足(zu)電(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)，其(qi)端電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)將呈現(xian)降(jiang)低趨(qu)勢(shi)，據(ju)此可(ke)將電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)出現(xian)負增(zeng)長的(de)(de)(de)時間(jian)作為停充(chong)時間(jian)。與溫(wen)度(du)操控法(fa)比較，這種辦(ban)(ban)法(fa)呼(hu)應速度(du)快(kuai)，此外(wai)，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)負增(zeng)量與電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)絕對值無關，因此這種停充(chong)操控辦(ban)(ban)法(fa)可(ke)適應具有不一樣單格電(dian)(dian)池(chi)數的(de)(de)(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。此辦(ban)(ban)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)缺陷是一般的(de)(de)(de)檢測(ce)器靈敏度(du)和可(ke)靠性不高，同(tong)時，當環境溫(wen)度(du)較高時，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)足(zu)夠電(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)減小并(bing)不顯(xian)著(zhu)，因此難以操控；
第四、使用極化電壓操控通常情況下，蓄電池的極化電壓出現在電池剛好充滿后，通常在50mV～100mV數量級，選用有關專利技術來測量每個單格電池的極化電壓，這樣就使每個電池都可充電到它自身所需求的程度。研討表明，因為每個電池在幾何結構、化學性質及電學特性等方面至少存在一些細微的不同，那么依據每個單格電池的特性來斷定它所需求的充電水平會比把蓄電池組作為一個整體來操控的辦法更加適宜一些。上海施能(neng)電(dian)器設備有限(xian)公司(si)始建于1984年(nian)，上海市高新技術企業，中國工業車輛優秀配套供應商，上海電器行業名優產品，主要生產工頻系列充電機，高頻系列充電機，鋰電池充電機，系列放電機，系列充放電機等電器產品。
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