大功率充電機快速充電技術的應用
2019/3/18 14:53:11??????點擊:
隨著各種(zhong)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)廣(guang)泛(fan)(fan)使用,快速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技術(shu)已經引(yin)起(qi)人們的(de)廣(guang)泛(fan)(fan)重(zhong)視。傳統的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方法充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間過長,且由于充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程過于簡單而(er)會使蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命縮短,因此已經面臨(lin)淘汰。相應(ying)的(de),一些新的(de)快速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方法開始(shi)涌現(xian),并已應(ying)用于生(sheng)產實踐(jian)中(zhong)。同(tong)時,充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)發展(zhan)也非常迅(xun)(xun)速(su),在大功率(lv)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)領域(yu),開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)發展(zhan)迅(xun)(xun)速(su),已經開始(shi)逐步替(ti)代(dai)傳統的(de)相控電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)。本文(wen)中(zhong)從快速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)原理、充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方法、充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)以及(ji)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控制的(de)實現(xian)等角度(du),對(dui)快速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技術(shu)進行了(le)探討。
快速充電原理
蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)種類很多,目(mu)前應(ying)用最廣的(de)主要是(shi)密封鉛(qian)酸蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。這(zhe)2種蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)原理都是(shi)一(yi)樣的(de),即都是(shi)通過化學反應(ying)產生正(zheng)負離子形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)流。
電(dian)池(chi)(chi)在(zai)充(chong)(chong)放電(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程中(zhong)會(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)氧(yang)氣(qi),在(zai)密封式(shi)蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)中(zhong),這(zhe)些正極(ji)(ji)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氧(yang)氣(qi)可(ke)以通過(guo)隔膜和(he)氣(qi)室被負(fu)極(ji)(ji)吸收,整個化(hua)學(xue)(xue)反(fan)應(ying)形(xing)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)個循環的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)應(ying)形(xing)式(shi)。就密封式(shi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)而言,它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)壓有限(xian)(xian),因此負(fu)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸收速(su)(su)度(du)也是有限(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。如(ru)果充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓過(guo)高(gao),正極(ji)(ji)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)氧(yang)氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速(su)(su)度(du)過(guo)快,負(fu)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸收速(su)(su)度(du)跟(gen)不(bu)上氧(yang)氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)速(su)(su)度(du),長時(shi)(shi)間(jian)之后必(bi)然造成(cheng)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)失水,從(cong)而誘(you)發電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微短(duan)(duan)路硫酸化(hua)等失效現(xian)象,損害(hai)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量,縮短(duan)(duan)其使(shi)用壽(shou)命。同時(shi)(shi)高(gao)速(su)(su)率充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時(shi)(shi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)極(ji)(ji)化(hua)會(hui)造成(cheng)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)內(nei)部(bu)壓力上升,電(dian)池(chi)(chi)溫(wen)度(du)上升,電(dian)池(chi)(chi)內(nei)阻升高(gao),這(zhe)不(bu)僅會(hui)縮短(duan)(duan)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽(shou)命,而且有可(ke)能(neng)(neng)對電(dian)池(chi)(chi)造成(cheng)永久性傷害(hai)。蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)反(fan)應(ying)原(yuan)理(li)是研究制定快速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)方(fang)法的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根本(ben)。一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面(mian)(mian),快速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)要盡量加快電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)反(fan)應(ying),使(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)速(su)(su)度(du)得到(dao)最大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提高(gao);另一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面(mian)(mian),又要保證負(fu)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸收能(neng)(neng)力,使(shi)其能(neng)(neng)夠跟(gen)得上正極(ji)(ji)氧(yang)氣(qi)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速(su)(su)度(du),同時(shi)(shi)要盡可(ke)能(neng)(neng)消除電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)極(ji)(ji)化(hua)現(xian)象。
提高蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)化學反(fan)應(ying)(ying)速度有(you)2種方(fang)式,一是改進(jin)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)結構以降低其內(nei)阻和提高反(fan)應(ying)(ying)離子的(de)(de)擴散速度,二是改進(jin)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)方(fang)法。本(ben)文中對充(chong)電(dian)(dian)方(fang)法作了重點論述。
大功(gong)率充(chong)電機(ji)快(kuai)速充(chong)電技(ji)術的應(ying)用
不同種類的蓄電池,具有不同的充放電曲線,其相應的充電方法也有很大的不同。在研究具體的充電方法時,要考慮到這一點以選擇合適的方法。 以鉛酸蓄電池為例,傳統的充電方法(恒流充電或恒壓充電)由于本身的弊端,已基本被淘汰。現行的充電方法大都是使其充電曲線盡可能地模擬蓄電池的最佳充電曲線。 60年代中期,美國科學家馬斯(J.A.MAS)提出了以最低出氣率為前提的蓄電池可接受的充電電流曲線,即任一時刻蓄電池能接受的充電電流為 I=I0expAt 式中:I0為初始充電電流;A為充電接受比;t為充電時間。上海(hai)施能(neng)電器設備有限(xian)公司始(shi)建于1984年,上海市高新技術企業,中國工業車輛優秀配套供應商,上海電器行業名優產品,主要生產工頻系列充電機,高頻系列充電機,鋰電池充電機,系列放電機,系列充放電機等電器產品。
快速充電原理
蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)種類很多,目(mu)前應(ying)用最廣的(de)主要是(shi)密封鉛(qian)酸蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。這(zhe)2種蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)原理都是(shi)一(yi)樣的(de),即都是(shi)通過化學反應(ying)產生正(zheng)負離子形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)流。
電(dian)池(chi)(chi)在(zai)充(chong)(chong)放電(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程中(zhong)會(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)氧(yang)氣(qi),在(zai)密封式(shi)蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)中(zhong),這(zhe)些正極(ji)(ji)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氧(yang)氣(qi)可(ke)以通過(guo)隔膜和(he)氣(qi)室被負(fu)極(ji)(ji)吸收,整個化(hua)學(xue)(xue)反(fan)應(ying)形(xing)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)個循環的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)應(ying)形(xing)式(shi)。就密封式(shi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)而言,它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)壓有限(xian)(xian),因此負(fu)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸收速(su)(su)度(du)也是有限(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。如(ru)果充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓過(guo)高(gao),正極(ji)(ji)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)氧(yang)氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速(su)(su)度(du)過(guo)快,負(fu)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸收速(su)(su)度(du)跟(gen)不(bu)上氧(yang)氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)速(su)(su)度(du),長時(shi)(shi)間(jian)之后必(bi)然造成(cheng)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)失水,從(cong)而誘(you)發電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微短(duan)(duan)路硫酸化(hua)等失效現(xian)象,損害(hai)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量,縮短(duan)(duan)其使(shi)用壽(shou)命。同時(shi)(shi)高(gao)速(su)(su)率充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時(shi)(shi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)極(ji)(ji)化(hua)會(hui)造成(cheng)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)內(nei)部(bu)壓力上升,電(dian)池(chi)(chi)溫(wen)度(du)上升,電(dian)池(chi)(chi)內(nei)阻升高(gao),這(zhe)不(bu)僅會(hui)縮短(duan)(duan)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽(shou)命,而且有可(ke)能(neng)(neng)對電(dian)池(chi)(chi)造成(cheng)永久性傷害(hai)。蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)反(fan)應(ying)原(yuan)理(li)是研究制定快速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)方(fang)法的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根本(ben)。一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面(mian)(mian),快速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)要盡量加快電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)反(fan)應(ying),使(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)速(su)(su)度(du)得到(dao)最大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提高(gao);另一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面(mian)(mian),又要保證負(fu)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸收能(neng)(neng)力,使(shi)其能(neng)(neng)夠跟(gen)得上正極(ji)(ji)氧(yang)氣(qi)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速(su)(su)度(du),同時(shi)(shi)要盡可(ke)能(neng)(neng)消除電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)極(ji)(ji)化(hua)現(xian)象。
提高蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)化學反(fan)應(ying)(ying)速度有(you)2種方(fang)式,一是改進(jin)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)結構以降低其內(nei)阻和提高反(fan)應(ying)(ying)離子的(de)(de)擴散速度,二是改進(jin)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)方(fang)法。本(ben)文中對充(chong)電(dian)(dian)方(fang)法作了重點論述。
大功(gong)率充(chong)電機(ji)快(kuai)速充(chong)電技(ji)術的應(ying)用
不同種類的蓄電池,具有不同的充放電曲線,其相應的充電方法也有很大的不同。在研究具體的充電方法時,要考慮到這一點以選擇合適的方法。 以鉛酸蓄電池為例,傳統的充電方法(恒流充電或恒壓充電)由于本身的弊端,已基本被淘汰。現行的充電方法大都是使其充電曲線盡可能地模擬蓄電池的最佳充電曲線。 60年代中期,美國科學家馬斯(J.A.MAS)提出了以最低出氣率為前提的蓄電池可接受的充電電流曲線,即任一時刻蓄電池能接受的充電電流為 I=I0expAt 式中:I0為初始充電電流;A為充電接受比;t為充電時間。上海(hai)施能(neng)電器設備有限(xian)公司始(shi)建于1984年,上海市高新技術企業,中國工業車輛優秀配套供應商,上海電器行業名優產品,主要生產工頻系列充電機,高頻系列充電機,鋰電池充電機,系列放電機,系列充放電機等電器產品。
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